Product Description
This volume is a translation of Dirichlet's Vorlesungen über Zahlentheorie which includes nine supplements by Dedekind and an introduction by John Stillwell, who translated the volume.

Lectures on Number Theory is the first of its kind on the subject matter. It covers most of the topics that are standard in a modern first course on number theory, but also includes Dirichlet's famous results on class numbers and primes in arithmetic progressions.

The book is suitable as a textbook, yet it also offers a fascinating historical perspective that links Gauss with modern number theory. The legendary story is told how Dirichlet kept a copy of Gauss's Disquisitiones Arithmeticae with him at all times and how Dirichlet strove to clarify and simplify Gauss's results. Dedekind's footnotes document what material Dirichlet took from Gauss, allowing insight into how Dirichlet transformed the ideas into essentially modern form.

Also shown is how Gauss built on a long tradition in number theory--going back to Diophantus--and how it set the agenda for Dirichlet's work. This important book combines historical perspective with transcendent mathematical insight. The material is still fresh and presented in a very readable fashion.

This volume is one of an informal sequence of works within the History of Mathematics series. Volumes in this subset, "Sources", are classical mathematical works that served as cornerstones for modern mathematical thought. (For another historical translation by Professor Stillwell, see Sources of Hyperbolic Geometry, Volume 10 in the History of Mathematics series.) ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

Gauss and then some
Dirichlet is all about quadratic forms. But first there are three preliminary chapters on the tools we will need: unique factorisation, modulo arithmetic, quadratic reciprocity. Then in chapter 4 we get to the quadratic forms, ax^2+2bxy+cy^2. "The whole theory originates in the problem of deciding whether a given number is representable by a given form" (p. 92). (Remember, for example, that Fermat solved the case a=1, b=0, c=1 -- which integers are sums of two squares?) "The number b^2-ac, on which the properties of the form mainly depend, is called the determinant of the form", and two forms are equivalent (represent the same numbers) when one results from the other by applying a variable transformation matrix of determinant 1. And now the problem above reduces to "the two main problems in the theory of equivalence: I. To decide whether two given forms of the same determinant are equivalent. II. To find all substitutions that send one of two equivalent form to the other." (p. 100). We spend the rest of the chapter solving there two problems for any determinant D, and we work out the applications in the cases D=-1,-2,-3,-5 (which includes the theorem of Fermat above). In the cases D=-3,-5 representations are not generally unique (which we secretly think of as the manifestation of the loss of unique factorisation in Z[sqrt(-3)] and Z[sqrt(-5)]) and this goes hand in hand with the fact that the number of equivalence classes (the "class number") of forms in those cases is 2, not 1. Such matters are the motivation for Dirichlet's great contribution: the determination of the class number for any D (chapter 5). Apart from this motivation of measuring "how far quadratic integers deviate from unique prime factorisation", as Stillwell puts it (p. xvii), Dirichlet also assigns his solution of the class number problem great intrinsic beauty: "This problem is the last and most important solved in this book, and is connected with the most beautiful algebraic and analytic investigations of this century" (p. 100).

This is a pleasant book. Dirichlet is a celebrated expositor and quite rightly so. There is also an excellent 10 page introduction by Stillwell and some 70 pages of supplements by Dedekind. The most interesting supplement is certainly Dirichlet's famous L-series proof that there are infinitely many primes in essentially any arithmetic progression. ... Read more

Product Description
Dirichlet (1805-1859) is well known for his significant contributions to several branches of mathematics. In number theory, for instance, he proved the conjecture by Gauss that there are infinitely many primes in any arithmetic progression such that the first term and the relative difference are relatively prime. He introduced Dirichlet series to analytic number theory, a tool which continues to be important today. In analysis, he is remembered for his work in potential theory, especially his study of harmonic functions with prescribed boundary values, now known as the Dirichlet problem. He is also known for his work on trigonometric series, in particular his rigorous proofs of conditions for their convergence which settled Cauchy's objections to Fourier's earlier work. He also made contributions to the theory of ideals. The two volumes of Dirichlet's Collected Works are published here in a single volume. Certain handwritten manuscripts from Dirichlet's Nachlass have been included by the editors: Kronecker and Fuchs. They have also included some of the mathematical correspondence that Dirichlet had with Gauss and Kronecker. ... Read more

Product Description
This volume is produced from digital images from the Cornell University Library Historical Mathematics Monographs collection. ... Read more

Product Description
This is an EXACT reproduction of a book published before 1923. This IS NOT an OCR'd book with strange characters, introduced typographical errors, and jumbled words.This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ... Read more

Product Description
This is an EXACT reproduction of a book published before 1923. This IS NOT an OCR'd book with strange characters, introduced typographical errors, and jumbled words.This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ... Read more

Product Description
This is an EXACT reproduction of a book published before 1923. This IS NOT an OCR'd book with strange characters, introduced typographical errors, and jumbled words.This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ... Read more

Product Description
This is an EXACT reproduction of a book published before 1923. This IS NOT an OCR'd book with strange characters, introduced typographical errors, and jumbled words.This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ... Read more

Product Description
This volume is produced from digital images created through the University of Michigan University Library's large-scale digitization efforts. The Library seeks to preserve the intellectual content of items in a manner that facilitates and promotes a variety of uses. The digital reformatting process results in an electronic version of the original text that can be both accessed online and used to create new print copies. The Library also understands and values the usefulness of print and makes reprints available to the public whenever possible. This book and hundreds of thousands of others can be found in the HathiTrust, an archive of the digitized collections of many great research libraries. For access to the University of Michigan Library's digital collections, please see http://www.lib.umich.edu and for information about the HathiTrust, please visit http://www.hathitrust.org ... Read more

Product Description
This Book Is In Latin. ... Read more

Product Description
This digital document is an article from Science and Its Times, brought to you by Gale®, a part of Cengage Learning, a world leader in e-research and educational publishing for libraries, schools and businesses.The length of the article is 455 words.The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase.You can view it with any web browser.The histories of science, technology, and mathematics merge with the study of humanities and social science in this interdisciplinary reference work. Essays on people, theories, discoveries, and concepts are combined with overviews, bibliographies of primary documents, and chronological elements to offer students a fascinating way to understand the impact of science on the course of human history and how science affects everyday life. Entries represent people and developments throughout the world, from about 2000 B.C. through the end of the twentieth century. ... Read more

Product Description
This is an EXACT reproduction of a book published before 1923. This IS NOT an OCR'd book with strange characters, introduced typographical errors, and jumbled words.This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ... Read more

Product Description
Chapters: Felix Mendelssohn, Moses Mendelssohn, Alfred Winslow Jones, Johann Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet, Fanny Mendelssohn, Dorothea Von Schlegel, Karl Wilhelm Friedrich Schlegel, Abraham Mendelssohn Bartholdy, Ernst Kummer, Joachim Wach, Kurt Mendelssohn, Carl Friedrich Otto Westphal, Josef Block, Itzig Family, Wilhelm Hensel, Kurt Hensel, Adolf Gusserow, Philipp Veit, Werner Bergengruen, Friedrich Leo, Mendelssohn ... Read more

Product Description
This volume is produced from digital images created through the University of Michigan University Library's large-scale digitization efforts. The Library seeks to preserve the intellectual content of items in a manner that facilitates and promotes a variety of uses. The digital reformatting process results in an electronic version of the original text that can be both accessed online and used to create new print copies. The Library also understands and values the usefulness of print and makes reprints available to the public whenever possible. This book and hundreds of thousands of others can be found in the HathiTrust, an archive of the digitized collections of many great research libraries. For access to the University of Michigan Library's digital collections, please see http://www.lib.umich.edu and for information about the HathiTrust, please visit http://www.hathitrust.org ... Read more

Product Description
This volume is produced from digital images created through the University of Michigan University Library's large-scale digitization efforts. The Library seeks to preserve the intellectual content of items in a manner that facilitates and promotes a variety of uses. The digital reformatting process results in an electronic version of the original text that can be both accessed online and used to create new print copies. The Library also understands and values the usefulness of print and makes reprints available to the public whenever possible. This book and hundreds of thousands of others can be found in the HathiTrust, an archive of the digitized collections of many great research libraries. For access to the University of Michigan Library's digital collections, please see http://www.lib.umich.edu and for information about the HathiTrust, please visit http://www.hathitrust.org ... Read more

Product Description
This volume is produced from digital images created through the University of Michigan University Library's large-scale digitization efforts. The Library seeks to preserve the intellectual content of items in a manner that facilitates and promotes a variety of uses. The digital reformatting process results in an electronic version of the original text that can be both accessed online and used to create new print copies. The Library also understands and values the usefulness of print and makes reprints available to the public whenever possible. This book and hundreds of thousands of others can be found in the HathiTrust, an archive of the digitized collections of many great research libraries. For access to the University of Michigan Library's digital collections, please see http://www.lib.umich.edu and for information about the HathiTrust, please visit http://www.hathitrust.org ... Read more