1. Gunter Edmund Gunter. Born 1581 in Edmund Gunter attended Westminster School,then entered Christ Church, Oxford in 1599. He graduated in http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Gunter.html

Edmund Gunter Born: 1581 in Hertfordshire, England Died: 10 Dec 1626 in London, England Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Edmund Gunter attended Westminster School, then entered Christ Church, Oxford in 1599. He graduated in 1603 but he remained at Oxford until 1615 when he received a divinity degree. Gunter was ordained and became Rector of St George's Church in Southwark in 1615. He held this Church position until his death. In addition to being Rector of St George's Church, Gunter became professor of astronomy at Gresham College London in 1619, also holding this post until his death. A colleague and friend of Briggs , Gunter published seven figure tables of logarithms of sines and tangents in 1620 in Canon Triangulorum, or Table of Artificial Sines and Tangents . The words cosine and cotangent are due to him. He made a mechanical device, Gunter's scale, to multiply numbers based on the logs using a single scale and a pair of dividers. It was called the gunter by seamen and was an important step in the development of the slide rule. Gunter published his description in 1624 in

2. Gunter, Edmund Catalog of the Scientific Community gunter, edmund. Charles H. Cotter, edmund gunter (15811626), Journal of Navigation, 34 (1981), pp. http://es.rice.edu/ES/humsoc/Galileo/Catalog/Files/gunter.html

Catalog of the Scientific Community Gunter, Edmund Note: the creators of the Galileo Project and this catalogue cannot answer email on genealogical questions. 1. Dates Born: Hertfordshire, 1581 Died: London, 10 Dec. 1626 Dateinfo: Dates Certain Lifespan: 2. Father Occupation: Unknown All we know is that Gunter was of Welsh descent. No information on financial status. 3. Nationality Birth: English Career: English Death: English 4. Education Schooling: Oxford, M.A., D.D. Westminster School. Oxford University, 1599-1615; Christ Church; B.A.,1603; M.A.,1605; B.D., 1615. 5. Religion Affiliation: Anglican Gunter was ordained and was Rector of a church in Southwark. 6. Scientific Disciplines Primary: Mathematics, Navigation, Instrumentation Subordinate: Magnetism Gunter is known as a competent but unoriginal mathematician, whose work was largely of a practical nature. He contributed devices that aided calculations, and indeed instruments of all sorts, and he contributed importantly to mathematically controlled navigation. Thus, New Projection of the Sphere, 1623, and Canon triangularum, 1620, the logarithms of the trigonometric functions primarily for use in navigation. This also came out in English immediately. His Description and Use of the Sector, Cross-staffe, and Other Instruments, 1623, described, among other things, a precursor of the slide rule.

3. Encyclopædia Britannica Encyclopædia Britannica. gunter, edmund. Encyclopædia Britannica Article http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?eu=39324

4. Gunter, Edmund gunter, edmund. gunter, edmund, 1581–1626, English mathematician and astronomer,educated at Westminster School, London, and Christ Church, Oxford. http://www.infoplease.com/ce5/CE022317.html

The # 1 wireless color security cam! Ultimate home movie ! Genuine Indian and Asian astrology reports and consultations by reputed Vedic Astrologers. Step-by-step guide to finding money for a growing business All Infoplease All Almanacs General Entertainment Sports Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Infoplease Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... Fact Monster Kids' reference Info:Daily Fun facts Homework Center Newsletter You've got info! Help Site Map Visit related sites from: Family Education Network Encyclopedia Gunter, Edmund Gunter, Edmund, , English mathematician and astronomer, educated at Westminster School, London, and Christ Church, Oxford. He invented (1618) a small portable quadrant and discovered (1622) the variation of the magnetic compass. His Gunter's chain is a surveyor's chain graduated on the decimal scale. He devised Gunter's scale, a logarithmic scale of equal parts as well as trigonometric functions, which with the aid of compasses served as a slide rule Gunpowder Plot Search Infoplease Info search tips Search Biographies Bio search tips About Us Contact Us Link to Infoplease ... Privacy

5. References For Gunter References for edmund gunter. Biography in 20. CH Cotter, edmund gunter(15811626), Journal of Navigation 34 (1981), 363-367. JV http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/References/Gunter.html

References for Edmund Gunter Biography in Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970-1990). Biography in Encyclopaedia Britannica. Articles: B E Babcock, Some notes on the history and use of Gunter's scale, Journal of the Oughtred Society C H Cotter, Edmund Gunter (1581-1626), Journal of Navigation J V Pepper, Harriot's Unpublished Papers, History of Science Main index Birthplace Maps Biographies Index History Topics ... Anniversaries for the year JOC/EFR December 1996 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of St Andrews, Scotland The URL of this page is: http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/history/References/Gunter.html

6. Gunter Biography of edmund gunter (15811626) edmund gunter attended Westminster School, then entered Christ Church, Oxford in 1599. http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Gunter.html

Edmund Gunter Born: 1581 in Hertfordshire, England Died: 10 Dec 1626 in London, England Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Edmund Gunter attended Westminster School, then entered Christ Church, Oxford in 1599. He graduated in 1603 but he remained at Oxford until 1615 when he received a divinity degree. Gunter was ordained and became Rector of St George's Church in Southwark in 1615. He held this Church position until his death. In addition to being Rector of St George's Church, Gunter became professor of astronomy at Gresham College London in 1619, also holding this post until his death. A colleague and friend of Briggs , Gunter published seven figure tables of logarithms of sines and tangents in 1620 in Canon Triangulorum, or Table of Artificial Sines and Tangents . The words cosine and cotangent are due to him. He made a mechanical device, Gunter's scale, to multiply numbers based on the logs using a single scale and a pair of dividers. It was called the gunter by seamen and was an important step in the development of the slide rule. Gunter published his description in 1624 in

7. Gunter, Edmund. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001 gunter, edmund. 15811626, English mathematician and astronomer, educated at Westminster School, London, and Christ http://www.bartelby.com/65/gu/Gunter-E.html

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8. Gunter, Edmund. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001 2001. gunter, edmund. 1581–1626, English mathematician and astronomer,educated at Westminster School, London, and Christ Church, Oxford. http://www.bartleby.com/65/gu/Gunter-E.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia PREVIOUS NEXT ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Gunter, Edmund

9. Gunter, Edmund gunter, edmund. gunter, edmund, 1581 1626 , English mathematician and astronomer, educated at Westminster School, http://www.factmonster.com/ce6/people/www.factmonster.com/ce6/people/A0822178.ht

Encyclopedia Gunter, Edmund Gunter, Edmund, , English mathematician and astronomer, educated at Westminster School, London, and Christ Church, Oxford. He invented (1618) a small portable quadrant and discovered (1622) the variation of the magnetic compass. His Gunter's chain is a surveyor's chain graduated on the decimal scale. He devised Gunter's scale, a logarithmic scale of equal parts as well as trigonometric functions, which with the aid of compasses served as a slide rule Gunpowder Plot AD AD AD AD AD Print this page Cite this page Awards and Press Link to Fact Monster Add Fact Monster search ... Privacy

10. Gunter, Edmund. The American Heritage® Dictionary Of The English Language: Four gunter, edmund. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English LanguageFourth Edition. 2000. 2000. gunter, edmund. SYLLABICATION Gun·ter. http://www.bartleby.com/61/83/G0318300.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference American Heritage Dictionary gunstock ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. Gunter, Edmund

11. Gunter, Edmund gunter, edmund. gunter, edmund, 1581 1626 , English mathematician and astronomer, educated at Westminster School, http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0822178.html

The # 1 wireless color security cam! Ultimate home movie ! Genuine Indian and Asian astrology reports and consultations by reputed Vedic Astrologers. Step-by-step guide to finding money for a growing business All Infoplease All Almanacs General Entertainment Sports Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Infoplease Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... Fact Monster Kids' reference Info:Daily Fun facts Homework Center Newsletter You've got info! Help Site Map Visit related sites from: Family Education Network Encyclopedia Gunter, Edmund Gunter, Edmund, , English mathematician and astronomer, educated at Westminster School, London, and Christ Church, Oxford. He invented (1618) a small portable quadrant and discovered (1622) the variation of the magnetic compass. His Gunter's chain is a surveyor's chain graduated on the decimal scale. He devised Gunter's scale, a logarithmic scale of equal parts as well as trigonometric functions, which with the aid of compasses served as a slide rule Gunpowder Plot Search Infoplease Info search tips Search Biographies Bio search tips About Us Contact Us Link to Infoplease ... Privacy

12. Gunter, Edmund gunter, edmund. gunter, edmund, 1581 1626 , English mathematician and astronomer, educated at Westminster School, http://infoplease.lycos.com/ce6/people/A0822178.html

Educational GamesTeachers ZoneNutritionHouse Works ... Body Works All Infoplease All Almanacs General Entertainment Sports Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia AlmanacsAtlasDictionaryEncyclopedia ... Encyclopedia Gunter, Edmund Gunter, Edmund, , English mathematician and astronomer, educated at Westminster School, London, and Christ Church, Oxford. He invented (1618) a small portable quadrant and discovered (1622) the variation of the magnetic compass. His Gunter's chain is a surveyor's chain graduated on the decimal scale. He devised Gunter's scale, a logarithmic scale of equal parts as well as trigonometric functions, which with the aid of compasses served as a slide rule Gunpowder Plot Infoplease HomeDaily AlmanacWorldSports ... Business Development Your use of this website constitutes acceptance of the Lycos Network and Entertainment Family Zone Reference Family Zone Recipes/Entertaining Grandparents Gardening ... Health Books

13. GUNTER, EDMUND gunter, edmund. in gunter, edmund (I 581—1626), English mathematician,of Welsh extraction, was born in Hertfordshire in 1581. He http://7.1911encyclopedia.org/G/GU/GUNTER_EDMUND.htm

document.write(""); GUNTER, EDMUND in August 1604 and earl of Salisbury in May 1605; and James had already, more than 16 months before the discovery of the plot, consented to return to the repressive measures against the Romanists. The success with which the conspirators concealed their plot from Salisbury’s spies is indeed astonishing, but is probably explained by its very audacity and by the absence of incriminating correspondence, the medium through which the minister chiefly obtained his knowledge of the plans of his enemies. was put back for centuries. In addition a new, increased and long-enduring hostility was aroused in the country against the adherents of the old faith, not unnatural in the circumstances, but unjust and undiscriminating, because while some of the Jesuits were no doubt implicated, the secular priests and Roman Catholic laity as a whole had taken no part in the conspiracy. Tierney’s ed. of Dodd’s Church History, vol. iv. (1841); Treason and Plot, by Martin Hume (1901); Notes and Queries, 7 ser. vi., 8 ser. iv. 408, 497, v. 55, xii. 505, 9 ser. xi. I 15; Add. MSS. Brit. Mus. 6178; State Trials, ii.; Calendar of State Pap. Dam. (1603—1610), and the official account, A True and Perfect Relation of the Whole Proceedings against the late most Barbarous Traitors (1606), a neither true nor complete narrative however, now superseded as an authority, reprinted as The Gunpowder Treason . . . with additions in 1679 by Thomas Barlow, bishop of Lincoln. A large number of letters and papers in the State Paper Office relating to the plot were collected in one volume in 1819, called the Gunpowder Plot Book; these are noted in their proper place in the printed calendars of State Papers, Domestic Series; see also articles on

14. Gunter, Edmund gunter, edmund (15811626). gunter, edmund, 1581–1626, English mathematicianand astronomer, educated at Westminster School, London http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/G/Gunter/1.html

Gunter, Edmund Gunter, Edmund, , English mathematician and astronomer, educated at Westminster School, London, and Christ Church, Oxford. He invented (1618) a small portable quadrant and discovered (1622) the variation of the magnetic compass. His Gunter's chain is a surveyor's chain graduated on the decimal scale. He devised Gunter's scale, a logarithmic scale of equal parts as well as trigonometric functions, which with the aid of compasses served as a slide rule.

15. Mathematicians Galileo Galois, Evariste Germain, Sophie Gosset, William Sealey, Grandi,Guido Grassmann, Hermann Günther Green, George gunter, edmund. http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Biographies/Categories/Scientists/Mathematic

Galileo Galois, Evariste Germain, Sophie Gosset, William Sealey Galileo Galois, Evariste Germain, Sophie Gosset, William Sealey ... Gunter, Edmund

16. Gunter, Edmund gunter, edmund 15811626, English mathematician and astronomer, educated atWestminster School, London, and Christ Church, Oxford. gunter, edmund. http://www.slider.com/enc/23000/Gunter_Edmund.htm

Home Encyclopeadia G Gro - Gug ... Rope Ladders Slider Search: The Web Encyclopaedia Shopping Index Help Encyclopaedia Gunter, Edmund 1581-1626, English mathematician and astronomer, educated at Westminster School, London, and Christ Church, Oxford. He invented (1618) a small portable quadrant and discovered (1622) the variation of the magnetic compass. His Gunter's chain is a surveyor's chain graduated on the decimal scale. He devised Gunter's scale, a logarithmic scale of equal parts as well as trigonometric functions, which with the aid of compasses served as a slide rule Add URL Advertise Contact Us ... slide rule

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18. CHM The Computer History Museum's Collections The Equationor, 1892 a large circular slide rule PDF - 9.2 MB.gunter, edmund (1581-1620) a biography PDF - 8.4 MB. Hollerith's http://www.computerhistory.org/collections/DocumentArchive/Document_archive_inde

Document Archive Index Individual documents may be accessed by clicking on their entry in the index below. The Equationor , 1892 - a large circular slide rule [PDF - 9.2 MB] Gunter, Edmund (1581-1620) a biography [PDF - 8.4 MB] Hollerith's Patent for his original tabulating machines , 1889 [PDF - 8 MB] Principles of IBM Accounting , - IBM, 1950 film strip [PDF - 422 MB] Rabdologiae , 1617 - Napier's famous book in which he introduces Napier's bones, his chessboard calculator, and his multiplicationis promptuario [PDF - 117 MB] Ballistic Research Laboratory, First Weik Report (A Survey of Domestic Electronic Digital Computing Systems) Commercially Available General-Purpose Electronic Digital Computers of Moderate Price , 1952 - a survey of computers available at the beginning of the computer era. Computing Before Computers - a book on the history of computing. Edited by William Aspray. IBM Card-Programmed Electronic Calculator (CPC) a paper describing the CPC Instruction sets and basic "pocket card" information

19. Edmund Gunter-Mathematician & Inventor edmund gunter MATHEMATICIAN INVENTOR. gunter, edmund (1581-1626),was of Welsh extraction, but was born in Hertfordshire in 1581. http://www.surveyhistory.org/edmund_gunter-mathematician_&_inventor.htm

Article taken from "Backsights" Magazine published by Surveyors Historical Society Gunter, Edmund (1581-1626), was of Welsh extraction, but was born in Hertfordshire in 1581. He was educated on the royal foundation of Westminster school, and in 1599 was elected a student of Christ Church, Oxford. After graduating bachelor and master of arts at the regular times, he took orders, became a preacher in 1614, and in November, 1615, proceeded to the degree of bachelor in divinity. Mathematics, however, which had been his favorite study in youth, continued to engross his attention, and on 6th March, 1619, he was appointed to the professorship of astronomy in Gresham College, London. This post he held till his death, which took place on 10th December, 1626. With Gunter's name are associated several useful inventions, descriptions of which are given in his treatise on the Sector, Cross-staff, Bow, Quadrant, and other Instruments . He had contrived his sector about the year 1606, and written a description of it in Latin. Many copies were transcribed and dispersed, but it was more than sixteen years afterwards ere he allowed the book to appear in English. In 1620 he published his Canon Triangulorum , a table of logarithmic sines and tangents (extended to 7 decimal places) for every degree and minute of the quadrant. In later editions an account of the general use of the canon is prefixed, and Brigg's logarithms of the first 1000 numbers are appended. There is reason to believe that Gunter was the first to discover (in 1622 or 1625) that the magnetic needle does not retain the same declination in the same places at all times. By desire of James I, he published in 1624

20. The Invention Of The Slide Rule and use of the Sector, was first published in English in 1623.......edmund gunter (15811626). edmund gunter's most important book entitled http://www.mat.bham.ac.uk/C.J.Sangwin/Sliderules/inventrule.html

The invention of the Slide Rule Edmund Gunter (15811626) Edmund Gunter's most important book entitled Description and use of the Sector , was first published in English in 1623. This has been described as ``the most important work on the science of navigation to be published in the seventeenth century." A sector is a mathematical instrument consisting of two hinged arms on which there are engraved scales which can be used to help with calculations. This is not a slide-rule; the single scale is used in conjunction with a pair of compasses. What makes Gunter's sector special is that it is the first mathematical instrument to be inscribed with a logarithmic scale to help solve numerical problems. In practice the points of the compass tend to damage the scales which reduces the accuracy of the instrument. William Oughtred (15741660) William Oughtred was a clergyman and keen mathematician. He is believed to have introduced the x symbol for multiplication in his book Clavis Mathematicae (Key to Mathematics), written about 1628 and published in London in 1631. This was a very important maths text book at the time. Newton read and was influenced by it for example. He is now generally though to be the inventer of the slide rule. Both straight and circular rules are described in a book with the title

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