61. The Scots Element But there seems to be no frypan in the usual scots and english dictionaries, soperhaps gaelic speakers have made up their own word using the scots verb fry http://www.arts.gla.ac.uk/SESLL/STELLA/STARN/lang/GAELIC/utensils.htm

The Scots Element in the Gaelic Vocabulary of Domestic Furnishings and Utensils Ian Quick Please Note : This text contains numbers highlighted in BOLD . Each number refers to the appropriate number in the NOTES section at the end of the text. This small corner of the topic of Scots loanwords in Scottish Gaelic illustrates quite well some of the problems of interpretation that loanwords present concerning the relationships between the speakers of Gaelic and the speakers of Scots. The present paper merely brings out some of the problems; it does not claim to solve them. Table I below gives us a fair idea of the range of relevant loanwords. The phonetic transcriptions are narrow, and most are based on pronunciations found in the islands of North Uist and Barra although occasionally pronunciations from other areas are used. In no instance though is the provenance of a pronunciation indicated in the table. For eight words my sources have not yielded a reliable traditional pronunciation, and in these cases the phonetic transcriptions given are theoretical and are marked by an asterisk. The problem of dating the time of borrowing of the etymon of each of the Gaelic words will be dealt with briefly later. First, it is interesting to note the geographical distribution of some of the words. It must be emphasised that the relevant information set forth here is derived mainly from the files of The Historical Dictionary of Scottish Gaelic and from native Gaelic-speaking colleagues from Lewis, North Uist, Barra and Wester Ross.

62. Zeal.com - United States - New - Library - Humanities - Languages - Languages By 3. gaelicenglish Dictionary Page http//www.barrettweb.net/gaidhlig.htm BarrettTucker's freeware scots gaelic-english dictionary is available for download. http://www.zeal.com/category/preview.jhtml?cid=1148001

63. Linkresr Scottish Book Trust information and services on Scottish writers andbooks in scots, gaelic and english. Writers in Scotland scheme http://www.pkc.gov.uk/slrc/slrclkrs.htm

LINKS tae Resources BACK HAME LINKS The Wee Bar isna gien itsel ony airs PUBLIC ORGANISATIONS Association for Scottish Literary Studies (ASLS) publishes literature, academic journals on Scots language and literature and hauds conferences on language, literature and the teachin o thir subjecks in schuils email d.jones@scotlit.arts.gla.ac.uk website www.asls.org.uk Elphinstone Institute Aberdeen University 's institute for pittin forrit the language an culture o the North East o Scotland. Northern Folk CD ROM and Elphinstone Kist, collection o Doric prose, verse and sang online email elphinstone@abdn.ac.uk website www.abdn.ac.uk/elphinstone Learning and Teaching Scotland National Scottish organisation warkin on curriculum development and support material provision. website www.LTScotland.com National Library of Scotland email enquiries@nls.uk website www.nls.uk National Grid For Learning gatewey tae educational graith an a wheen ither websites, siclike as Scottish virual Teachers Centre

64. BBC NEWS | Scotland | Online Plan For Scots Dictionary examine two different varieties of the language, scots and Scottish english. Butit is hoped that the project will eventually expand to include gaelic and non http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/uk/scotland/newsid_2022000/2022999.stm

CATEGORIES TV RADIO COMMUNICATE ... INDEX SEARCH You are in: Scotland News Front Page World UK ... Programmes SERVICES Daily E-mail News Ticker Mobile/PDAs Text Only ... Help EDITIONS Change to World Monday, 3 June, 2002, 11:06 GMT 12:06 UK Online plan for Scots dictionary The dictionary should be available online in 2004 A new dictionary is being compiled which will put tens of thousands of Scots words dating back as far as 800 years on the internet. Academics behind the project hope it will be available online by February 2004. And the project has won praise from the chairwoman of the Scottish Parliament's cross-party group on the Scots language. The Scottish National Party's deputy education spokeswoman, Irene McGugan, visited the team of researchers at the University of Dundee on Monday. If we don't work to keep the indigenous languages alive, no-one else will do it for us Irene McGugan The MSP for North East Scotland said: "Vernacular Scottish is used by more than one million people daily and is the largest 'minority' language in the UK. "This indicates a changing mood towards our culture, which is vitally important. If we don't work to keep the indigenous languages alive, no one else will do it for us.

65. Methods XI Abstracts And Papers the outcome of dialect contact between nonstandard scots and english dialects butalso of language contact between english/scots and Irish gaelic (with some http://www.joensuu.fi/fld/methodsxi/abstracts/mccafferty.html

Northern Irish English phonology: research past and yet to come Kevin McCafferty Having attracted the attention of dialectologists and sociolinguists as well as phonologists, Northern varieties of Irish English have been studied more than the Southern dialects. This paper surveys existing research on the phonology of English in the north of Ireland and identifies a number of areas for further research that might be served by an Atlas of Irish English, some of which are pointed out below. By collating existing data and filling in gaps, an Atlas of Irish English could contribute answers to questions relating to the extent to which the three regional varieties diverge from one another. Given the recent state recognition of Ulster-Scots under the terms of the Good Friday Agreement , it is also relevant to address the issue of the degree to which Scots has influenced Mid- and South Ulster English, as well as the question of just how Northern English or Northern British the 'Scots' influence might, in fact, be. This would, of course, require detailed comparison with the North of England (which may well be facilitated by the planned Beal, Corrigan, Honeybone, McMahon project on urban Northern Englishes), as well as work on the English migration to Ulster and the extent of Scots and English population mixing in Mid and South Ulster. Northern Irish English is not only the outcome of dialect contact between nonstandard Scots and English dialects but also of language contact between English/Scots and Irish Gaelic (with some influence of Scots Gaelic too). While some phonological research to date has focused on the origins of various dialect features in the relevant source vernaculars, there has been hardly any study of the phonology of present-day, recent or shifting Gaeltacht areas or speakers. The survival of Irish into the present day in the region means that in parts of Donegal it is still possible to study the ongoing interaction of the phonologies of English and Irish and this too would seem to be a fruitful area of research which an Electronic Atlas could expedite.

66. BibleDatabase: Non English Bible Downloads. scots gaelic. The Manx gaelic Scripture portions were found here. This Bible is atranslation of the english KJV into the Thai language by Philip Pope, BIMI http://bibledatabase.com/bibles_other.html

FREE Bible Downloads Today's Link Pick HOME ALL DOWNLOADS WHAT'S NEW BIBLE SEARCH ... WEB HOSTING Other Bible Downloads While you wait for your download why not sign the Guest Book or come say Hi at the Message Board for some great Christian Fellowship Click to download English French Spanish Greek ... Hebrew or Indonesian Bibles. Download times will vary depending on your modem. For example, a 2.5 Megabyte file(1 Megabyte is 1,048,576 Bytes) will download in about 6 minutes (best case) with a 56K Modem. For a 33K6 Modem the best time for the same file size file will extended to around 14 minutes and 17 minutes for a 28K8 modem. Remember to download the Software or you will not be able to view the Bibles! DOWNLOAD AND INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS: Click on any of the links below to begin the download. When prompted choose "Save this Program to disk". Click "OK". When the "Save As" dialog appears, click on "Desktop" on the left hand side of the "Save As" dialog. Click "OK" Once the download is complete and you have closed all Widows Applications, double click the Icon

67. Comhairle Na Gàidhlig, Alba Nuadh Gaelic Council Of Nova Scotia From the gaelicL Archives - various contributers. english, Irish gaelic,scots gaelic, Meaning of gaelic. airt, aird, aird, points of the compass. http://www.gaelic.net/novascotia/english/culture/word.html

Editorial The Step dancing Tradition The Gaelic Singing Tradition The Piping Tradition ... The Fiddle Tradition Gaelic Words in English Story on Highland Hospitality Gaelic Words in English A Draft of Suggestions for Further Study by Ken MacKinnon Scots or Scottish English is perhaps the first place to look for Gaelic words coming into English; unfortunately quite a number of these words are unfamiliar outside Scotland: Dule or dool, as a noun signifying grief or distress, or as an adjective meaning sad or sorrowful, comes from the Gaelic noun "doilgheas" (sorrow, affliction) and the adjective "duilich" (difficult, sorry, grievous). Keelie (a rough young man, a tough) and gillie (an attendant to a sport hunter/fisher on a Highland estate) derived from "gille" (a lad, a young man, a servant). Sassenach (an English person) from Sasunnach. Other Scots words like these can be cited, as I do in the two lists that follow; note that words in list (a) are topographical and that even some in (b) descibe features visible on the land: English Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) (a) brae bràighe burn bùrn clachan clachan claddach cladach corrie coire craig/crag

68. Scots Gaelic scots gaelic The vast majority of gaelic speakers are bilingual gaelic /english. Today there are very few people who do not speak english. http://www.flw.com/languages/scotsgaelic.htm

Scots Gaelic The Gaelic Language is spoken by around 86,000 individuals primarily in the North of Scotland and in the Western Isles (eg. Skye, Lewis, Harris). The vast majority of gaelic speakers are bilingual Gaelic / English. Today there are very few people who do not speak English. Gaelic (or Scottish Gaelic as it is sometimes known outside Scotland) has similarities to the other Celtic languages, and is particulary close to Irish (or Irish Gaelic ) to the extent that a mutual understanding is possible. This Indo-European is also spoken by small groups in Canada and Australia. Click on flag for map Click to Close this window. document.write("Last modified: ") document.write(document.lastModified) document.write(" ") FLW, Inc S.D.G.

69. California Folk Music: Ethnic, Cultural, And Language Groups scots in Berkeley and Oakland perfoming unaccompanied scots gaelic, lowland scotsdialect, and english songs from Scotland and Cape Breton Island, Canada. http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/afccchtml/coweth.html

WPA California Ethnic, Cultural, and Language Groups Anglo Armenian Assyrian Basque ... Anglo Anglo-American performers in Alameda, Belvedere, Brentwood, Camino, Carmel, Central Valley, Columbia, Concord, Groveland, Hollywood, Lotus, Oakland, Pine Grove, Tuolumne County, San Jose, and Turlock singing English language songs and performing dance music, fiddle tunes, shanties, ragtime, Barbary Coast tunes, music from the Gold Rush era, immigrant songs, American popular song, and medicine and minstrel show tunes on the guitar , tenor banjo, dulcimer harmonica , piano, and violin. Includes photographs and drawings. Armenian Armenians in Fresno and Fowler, singing and performing dance music, immigrant songs, love songs, ballads, children's songs in the Armenian language, and Armeno-Turkish music on the daph dumbelek saz clarinet ... kamanche , and violin. Includes photographs and drawings. Assyrian Photographs of an Assyrian from Soviet Georgia who lives in San Francisco and drawings of his tar Basque Basques in Fresno singing unaccompanied songs in Basque from the Spanish Navarre. Croatian Croatians in Woodside, San Mateo, and Mountain View singing and performing Dalmatian dance music, Serbo-Croatian oral epic songs, and instrumental selections on the

70. Links - Scots Gælisk og scots Skuld' gamle sprog rejn forgo? gaelic and scots Should AuldLanguages be Forgot? (an introduction in Danish and english by Ole Stig http://www.lowlands-l.net/links_scots.htm

Online Presentations in and about Lowlands Languages A Collaborative Effort of Lowlands-L and Volunteer Contributors. Compiled and Presented by Reinhard F. Hahn. This page was last updated on 8 January 2002. Newly added links are marked by NEW! . To suggest new links or to report broken ones, please contact admin@lowlands-l.net . Thank you for your visit, and much enjoyment with your language browsing! Scots (Lallans, Doric, Shaetlan, Ullans) "Auld Lang Syne": The original Scots Version by Robert Burns (1759–1796) with a Low Saxon (Low German) Translation by R. F. Hahn comes with sound file and with PDF files containing also musical notation and phonetic transcription) A Beginners' Guide to Offline Language Materials: Scots The Bard: Your complete guide to the immortal memory of Scotland's most famous poet (an e-shrine for Robert/Rabbie Burns) Burns Country (another e-shrine for Robert/Rabbie Burns, claiming to be "the official Robert Burns Site" publishes the complete works of Robert Burns, with integrated glossary translation into several languages) NEW!

71. Story Of English Video #4: The Guid Scots Tongue scots Tongue. Cornell Video 467 The Guid scots Tongue traces theinfluence of Scottish and Irish gaelic on the english language. http://ling.cornell.edu/teachling/av/story4.html

Story of English Video #4: The Guid Scots Tongue Cornell Video 467 The Guid Scots Tongue traces the influence of Scottish and Irish Gaelic on the English language. James I's move from Scotland to London put an end to Scottish as a fully independent language. Many Scots-Irish came to North America, adding to the American accent and playing a big role in spreading English in the US. Discusses the English spoken in the Appalachian region of the US. [Corresponds to chapter 4 of the book] Start Time Points of Interest Scottish English: News Aberdeen Scottish English: Fish filleter and traditional storyteller Scottish English: Meeting of a Robert Burns literary and debating society, a long toast and singing Auld Lang Syne Scottish Accent: Scottish preacher, speaking standard English with Scottish accent. Old Scots: Bible reading Scottish Accent: Scottish preacher walking his dog and talking about Devil's Causeway Ballymena English: Ballymena is a Scottish settlement in N. Ireland, 2 men discuss betting Ballymena English: Man going to farm market Ulster English: Professor giving some sample words with translations and sample pronunciation differences Appalachian English: Moonshiner Appalachian English: Mountain couple, singing and talking

72. Celts - The Celtic Shop New Zealand scots gaelic Dictionaries scots Dictionary Collins Publ. Abair! Faclair - gaelic/english~ english/gaelic Dictionary The New english/gaelic Dictionary The http://www.celts.co.nz/lang/scotsg.htm

Scots Gaelic Scots Gaelic Language Tutors Teach Yourself Scots Gaelic - A Course For Beginners (book only) Gaelic Verbs- Colin B.D. Mark Everyday Gaelic Gaelic Is Fun - cartoon presentation Brigh Nam Facal Gaidhlig le Gaire Scots Gaelic Dictionaries Scots Dictionary - Collins Publ. Abair! Faclair - Gaelic/English ~ English/Gaelic Dictionary The New English/Gaelic Dictionary The Modern Gaelic/English Dictionary - Robert C. Owen

73. Scots-Gaelic Baby Blessings scotsgaelic BABY BLESSINGS. english TRANSLATION May you, littlebaby, be healthy, upright and happy throughout your whole life. http://www.clan-cameron.org/kids/blessing.html

SCOTS-GAELIC BABY BLESSINGS PRONUNCIATION: (Goom bee oo, a NOO-ee-nyehn VIK, FOWL-leen, EE-un-rike, SAW-na air FEE-ugh daw VEH-huh guh LYEHR) ENGLISH TRANSLATION: May you, little baby, be healthy, upright and happy throughout your whole life Gum bi a' bheatha a' frasadh ort, a naoinein bhig, an fhallaineachd, an ionracas, an sonas mar thiodhlacan PRONUNCIATION: (Goom bee uh VEH-huh uh FRASS-ugh ORSHT, uh NOO-ee-nyehn VIK, un-ALL-ah-nyawchd, un EE-un-rike-uss, un SAW-nuss marr HYAW-lahch-kun) ENGLISH TRANSLATION: May life be showering upon you, little baby, healthiness, uprightness and happiness as gifts A Cameron Kids Online Feature http://www.clan-cameron.org/kids.html

74. Learning Ulster-Scots - An Innin scots. Countless others throughout the province speak english withoccasional borrow words from both gaelic and Ulsterscots. Ulster http://uk.geocities.com/richard_archibald/ullans_main.html

L e a r n i n g U l s t e r S c o t s An Introduction - An Innin Although English is by far the most widely used language of the nine county province of Ulster, many people conduct their daily lives using Irish gaelic and Ulster-Scots. About 100,000 people are estimated to speak Ulster-Scots as well as English with about 10,000 people (usually the older generation) using only Ulster-Scots. Countless others throughout the province speak English with occasional borrow words from both Gaelic and Ulster-Scots. Ulster-Scots is a germanic language, i.e. it comes from the same language family as German, Dutch and English (to name but a few). It is incredibly similar to English, so much so that it is often thought of as merely a dialect or 'improper' form of English. Ulster-Scots is unlike a dialect however as it not only has a discrete vocabulary but also a discrete grammar as will hopefully be elucidated in these pages. In fact, the parent language of Ulster-Scots, Lowland Scots or Lallans has been classified by the European Bureau of Lesser Used Languages . Scots was brought to Ulster by the plantations of the 15th and 16th centuries where it met with not only the Irish gaelic language, but also with a Nordic influence. The regions where Ulster-Scots is spoken today (shown below) are still consistent with the distribution of the early Scottish settlers of the plantations and due to many factors which would present a subject on its own, these regions have subtleties of speech which make them distinct enough to almost be dialects of Ulster-Scots. It is possible then that Ulster-Scots is a language in its own right, and one could easily imagine the relationship between Scots and Ulster-Scots as being very similar to that between Irish Gaelic and Scottish Gàidhlig. As I am from the town of

75. Gaelic In Scotland And Ireland And Scots pressing the devolved Parliament to embrace the scots tongue as well as gaelic, urgingthem to use scots on public signs and official forms alongside english. http://www.literacytrust.org.uk/Update/Gaelic.html

Gaelic in Ireland and Scotland and Scots Enquiry recommends comprehensive languages policy Gaelic heading for oblivion in Scotland Scots pupils can use ‘mither tung’ in the classroom Gaelic growing steadily ... Research supports Gaelic for the young Enquiry recommends comprehensive languages policy A cross-party enquiry in Scotland is calling for a comprehensive policy which recognises the place of Gaelic, Scots and community languages. It also accepts the need for further research. In their recommendations, MSPs call for more financial support for minority languages, further research into the use of Scots, backed by a statistical analysis, and more in-service training for teachers to allow them to teach Scots from P1 onwards. (TESS, 28 February 2003) Gaelic heading for oblivion in Scotland Figures from the 2001 census show that the number of Scotland's Gaelic speakers has fallen below 60,000 for the first time, a 15% decline in a decade. If it falls below 50,000, Gaelic will be considered officially dead. The decline has been slow and steady. Gaelic was introduced from Ireland to Scotland in the 5th century and remained the main language in most rural areas until the early 17th century.

76. Scots Language Still, scots is more archaic than english, preserving more Close Contacts, Very closeto english (sometimes considered as Many borrowings from Scottish gaelic. http://indoeuro.bizland.com/tree/germ/scots.html

77. Edit WelshLanguage and Goidelic which includes the varieties of gaelic Irish, scots gaelic (not tobe confused with scots, a GermanicLanguage, or scots english, the Scottish http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?edit=WelshLanguage

78. Books Written In Gaelic (Scots) 162 p. ; 22 cm. PR8650.P64 1995 The poetry of Scotland gaelic, scots,and english, 13801980 / edited and introduced by Roderick Watson. http://www.waikato.ac.nz/library/resources/lang/lang_gae.html

Books written in Gaelic (Scots) Virgil's Aeneid. Translated into Scottish verse by Gavin Douglas. Edited with notes and glossary, by David F. C. Coldwell. Edinburgh, Printed for the Society by W. Blackwood. Vergilius Maro, Publius. [New York, Johnson Reprint Corp., 1972] 4 v. 22 cm. The Táin; translated from the Irish epic Táin bó Cúailnge by Thomas Kinsella; with brush drawings by Louis Le Brocquy. London, New York, Oxford U.P., 1970. xvii, 283 p. illus., maps (some col.) 21 cm. PB1583.G7 1981 Map Lib Place names on maps of Scotland and Wales : a glossary of the most common Gaelic and Scandinavian elements used on maps of Scotland and of the most common Welsh elements used on maps of Wales. Southampton : Ordnance Survey, 1981. 24 p. ; 21 cm. The illustrated Gaelic-English dictionary: containing every Gaelic word and meaning given in all previously published dictionaries and a great number never in print before, to which is prefixed a concise Gaelic grammar; compiled by Edward Dwelly. Dwelly, Edward, 1864- comp. Glasgow, Gairm Publications, 1971.

79. The Scots Leid Associe The scots Language Society was founded in 1972 and exists to promote scots in literature drama, the Category Science Social Sciences IndoEuropean Germanic scots...... Since scots was once the state language of Scotland, it is a valid part of able totake its place as a language of Scotland, along with gaelic and english. http://www.lallans.co.uk/

Hame Associe Lallans Leeteratur ... Wittins Buird Hameblad Most of this site is in Scots! Some bits are in English. Watch the Status Bar at the bottom of the screen for information when moving your mouse over links. The Scots Leid Associe wis foondit in 1972 an ettles tae fordle Scots in leeteratur, drama, the media, eddication an in ilka day uiss. Akis Scots wis ance the state langage o Scotland, it's a vailid pairt o wir heirskip an the associe taks tent tae the fact that it shoud can tak its steid as a langage o Scotland, alang wi Gaelic an Inglis. Alang wi forderin the langage an fleetchin at eddication authorities an the media for mair uiss o Scots, the associe furthsets the bi-annual 'Lallans', the jurnal for writin in Scots (free tae associe members) an a Scots wittins blad an aw. It hauds its annual collogue, that's been addresst bi merkit writers, actors, jurnalists, muisicians, televeesion presenters, scholars an ithers, an dis competeetions willin baith adults an bairns tae write in Scots. The associe can sort advice on the langage tae theatre companies, schuils etc.

80. Celtic Languages Sites texts in Irish, Latin, Old Norse, AngloNorman French, and english. Celtica. Linksto resources in the Celtic languages, including scots gaelic, Irish, Welsh http://www.hull.ac.uk/cti/langsite/celtic.html

Internet Resources has moved Internet Resources for Language Teachers and Learners collection is no longer being maintained on this website. The collection can now be found on the CALL@Hull site, a private project of Fred Riley who was previously the Centre's Web Developer/Programmer. To avoid broken links no documents have been moved or deleted, but naturally their content will become steadily obsolete over time, so please change your bookmarks and links to the new location. You can also find a useful database of languages-related Internet sites at the LTSN Subject Centre for Languages, Linguistics and Area Studies in the Weblinks section. Internet Resources CALL Database Reviews LTSN Subject Centre for Languages, Linguistics, and Area Studies ... CALL@Hull Celtic Languages Sites General Irish Manx Scots Gaelic ... Internet Resources Home General CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts . An ongoing project to place online texts relating to Irish literary and historical culture, including texts in Irish, Latin, Old Norse, Anglo-Norman French, and English. Celtica.

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