81. Guardian Unlimited | Special Reports | Jainism jainism Wednesday October 30, 2002 Background and beliefs Although precise originsare unknown, most believers come from the Gujarat and Rajasthan areas of http://www.guardian.co.uk/religion/Story/0,2763,714713,00.html

Go to: Guardian Unlimited home UK news World news Archive search Arts Books Business EducationGuardian.co.uk Film Football Jobs Life MediaGuardian.co.uk Money The Observer Online Politics Shopping SocietyGuardian.co.uk Sport Talk Travel Audio Email services Special reports The Guardian The weblog The informer The northerner The wrap Advertising guide Crossword Dating Headline service Syndication services Events / offers Help / contacts Information Newsroom Style guide Travel offers TV listings Weather Web guides Guardian Weekly Money Observer Home UK Business Online ... Quiz Search this site Go to... Special report: religion in the UK Religion in the UK archived articles In this section No place for Jedi in survey Baptism Baha'i Paganism ... Hinduism Guide to religions in the UK Jainism Wednesday October 30, 2002 Background and beliefs: Although precise origins are unknown, most believers come from the Gujarat and Rajasthan areas of India. Jains are followers of the Jinas or Tirthankaras (Spiritual Victors) - an ancient line of teachers said to possess infinite knowledge and to have attained perfect purity. Their teachings are embodied in the Shruta, Agamas and Siddhanta scriptures. The principal belief is ahimsa - the avoidance (where possible) of physical or mental harm to any living being, however tiny. Life and life-forms are said to have no beginning; instead, souls transmigrate to different life-forms according to their karma. By leading a holy life, followers can be freed from the cycle of attracting "karmic matter" and rebirth. The true path to this freedom is to become a mendicant (living from alms), supplanting the lay believer's vows of strict vegetarianism with those of celibacy and the relinquishment of all possessions.

82. Islam Does Not Separate Religion From The State, But Rather Dynamically Integrat ourselves. Lets have comparative study of concept of Ahimsa in jainismand rationale behind permission of nonvegetarian food in Islam,. http://www.allaahuakbar.net/jain/ahimsa_and_non.htm

"As for those who Divide their Religion and break up into Sects, thou hast no part in them in the least: their affair is with Allaah. He will in the end tell them the truth of all that they did."(Holy Qur'aan 6: 159) Search This Site The Web Get Search Engine ForYour Web Fundamentals Salââh Ramadhaan Zakaah Hajj Knowledge Base True Scholars Qur' ân Ahaadeeth ... Download Books Download Adobe Acrobat Reader free Sign My Guest Book View My Guest Book AHIMSA AND NON-VEGETARIAN FOOD The Question of consuming meat and non-vegetarian foods has been object of much criticism since past several centuries. Even today though quite a large number of Hindus along with Muslims and Christians consume meat, there are large numbers of people who prefer to be strictly vegetarian throughout their life. For some it is a religious injunction to abstain from non-vegetarian food. Whereas some make it a political issue saying Garv se kaho hum shakahari hain!

83. Religious Movements Homepage: Jainism This jainism Page is your gateway toaccessing comprehensive web based aswell as print resources about the Jains. As bibliography. jainism. http://religiousmovements.lib.virginia.edu/nrms/jainism.html

Jainism Profile Beliefs Links Glossary I. Group Profile Name: Jainism Founder: Vardhamana Mahavira. Although he is only one in a list of 24 founding tirthankaras Date of Birth: 599 BCE died 527 BCE Birth Place: Kundalpur, India Year Founded: Approximately 1200 years ago. Sacred or Revered Texts: The 14 Purvas (lost) are agreed to be sacred texts by both the Svetamaba ra and Digambara sects, however, the Svetambaras also include the Angas, (rules for the ascetics, doctrine, and narratives) the Upangas (the teachings of the tirthankaras), the Chedasutras (disciplanary acts for ascetics), the Mulasutras (or texts that contain the basic law),the Prakirnakasutras (hymns), and the Culikasutras (more literature). The Digambaras include the Satkhandagama which describes karma , the Kasaayapahuda, which discusses passions, and the Anuyogas. The sacred texts of Jainism are the teachings of the 24 tirthankaras , those who have gained omniscence. The texts are written in Prakrit and contain basic Jain doctrine, codes of practice, and narrative literature Cult or Sect: Negative sentiments are typically implied when the concepts "cult" and "sect" are employed in popular discourse. Since the Religious Movements Homepage seeks to promote religious tolerance and appreciation of the positive benefits of pluralism and religious diversity in human cultures, we encourage the use of alternative concepts that do not carry implicit negative stereotypes. For a more detailed discussion of both scholarly and popular usage of the concepts "cult" and "sect," please visit our

84. Jainism - Wikipedia jainism. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. jainism is a spiritualpath which centres on the concept of ahimsa, or nonviolence. http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jainism

Main Page Recent changes Edit this page Older versions Special pages Set my user preferences My watchlist Recently updated pages Upload image files Image list Registered users Site statistics Random article Orphaned articles Orphaned images Popular articles Most wanted articles Short articles Long articles Newly created articles Interlanguage links All pages by title Blocked IP addresses Maintenance page External book sources Printable version Talk Log in Help Jainism From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Jainism is a spiritual path which centres on the concept of ahimsa , or non-violence . It began in the to centuries BC and has been a significant force in Indian culture, contributing to Indian philosophy, art, architecture and sciences. Jainism shares concepts with Hinduism and Buddhism but should be considered a separate religious path. It encourages vegetarianism as part of its stance on non-violence. According to Jainism, the universe was never created, nor will it ever cease to exist. It is eternal but not unchangeable, because it passes through an endless series of alternations or swings. Each of these upward or downward swings is divided into four world ages (yugas). The present world age is the fourth age of one of these "swings", which is in a downward movement. When this reaches its lowest level, even Jainism itself will be lost in its entirety. Then, in the course of the next upswing, the Jain religion will be rediscovered and reintroduced by new leaders called Tirthankaras (saintly teachers), only to be lost again at the end of the next downswing, and so on.

85. Divine Digest - The Complete Guide To All Religions jainism. jainism is one of the three Indian philosophies, the others beingCharvaka and Buddhism, which do not accept the authority of Vedas. http://www.divinedigest.com/jainism.htm

Visit our Sponsors Jainism Jainism is one of the three Indian philosophies, the others being Charvaka and Buddhism, which do not accept the authority of Vedas. The most important Jain teacher Theerthankara was Mahaveera. The Jains accept three sources of knowledge. Perception, Inference and Testimony. Jains believe that every judgement is true only from a particular standpoint. To claim that a judgement is unconditionally true leads to dogmatism and intolerance. Jains believe that all physical things are made of atoms. All living things possess a soul like light, the soul pervades the entire body which it inhabits. Consciousness is the essence of the soul. In its perfect condition, a soul possesses perfect knowledge. The karmic matter causes souls to fail to exercise their natural function. The three jewels of Jainism Jains believe that although a soul inherently perfect, usually it finds itself in bondage. A soul's past Karma determines the kind of body it receives and the consequent limitation. The way to deliverance according to Jainism is, through the Three Jewels, of Right Faith, of Right Knowledge and Right Conduct. Right Conduct This involves the practice of five virtues Ahimsa or non-violence Truth speaking Non-stealing Chastity Non-attachments to worldly things The Jains were the first to make non-violence a rule of life. Through the practice of the

86. Jainism jainism, jI'nizum Pronunciation Key. jainism ie, the religion of Jina,religious system of India practiced by about 5,000,000 persons. http://www.infoplease.com/cgi-bin/id/A0825887

Back to University?..Step-By-Step Guide on getting an Adult educational grant ! Is your family protected? Great savings on healthcare. Movie stars and Celebrities...All the mags here! All Infoplease All Almanacs General Entertainment Sports Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Infoplease Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... Fact Monster Kids' reference Info:Daily Fun facts Homework Center Newsletter You've got info! Help Site Map Visit related sites from: Family Education Network Encyclopedia Jainism [j I u m] Pronunciation Key Jainism [i.e., the religion of Jina], religious system of India practiced by about 5,000,000 persons. Jainism, Ajivika , and Buddhism arose in the 6th cent. B.C. as protests against the overdeveloped ritualism of Hinduism , particularly its sacrificial cults, and the authority of the Veda. Jaina tradition teaches that a succession of 24 tirthankaras (saints) originated the religion. The last, Vardhamana, called Mahavira [the great hero] and Jina [the victor], seems to be historical. He preached a rigid asceticism and solicitude for all life as a means of escaping the cycle of rebirth, or the transmigration of souls . Thus released from the rule of karma , the total consequences of past acts, the soul attains nirvana , and hence salvation. Mahavira organized a brotherhood of monks, who took vows of celibacy, nudity, self-mortification, and fasting. Since the 1st cent.

87. Jain Philosphy jainism is an ancient, Indianborn philosophy, dating back to Vedic times. The prescriptionsor rules of jainism are about the way to achieve this liberation. http://www.goindiago.com/religion/jain/jain.htm

Indian History Ancient India Medieval India Modern India India General Land and People National Symbols Law and Justice Defence ... Cinema Religion Hinduism Islam Christianity Sikhism ... Zorastrianism Art Literature Painting Craft Misc Vaastu Siddha Yoga Sports Cricket Hockey Tennis Golf ... Addresses of Sports Authorities Eduaction Top Colleges Addresses of colleges Jain Philosophy Jainism is an ancient, Indian-born philosophy, dating back to Vedic times. 24 preachers known as `Jinas' (conquerors) or `Tirthankaras' (fordmakers) propounded it across the river of life. Its first founder or `Tirthankara' was one Rishabhadeva mentioned in the Yajur Veda . The 24th and last Tirthankara was Mahavira. It is a Nastik (Atheist) philosophy and does not accept the Vedas to be revelations from God. In fact, it does not believe in a God, though it does believe in re-birth. The ethical doctrines of Jainism are based on the path of liberation, comprising right belief, right knowledge and right conduct. The prescriptions or rules of Jainism are about the way to achieve this liberation. They apply both to ascetics and householders. The householders have twelve Vratas or codes of conduct, five Anuvratas (small vows) and seven Shilavratas (supplementary vows). If the Anuvaratas are strictly performed, they become Mahavratas (Great vows). The Jains have two major sects

88. ReligionQuest Everything On Religion RQ Hinduism News jainism@ BBC News - Index Searchjainism@ CNN - News - Search jainism@AP More jainism News. jainism Defined. About jainism. More About jainism. http://www.religionquest.com/e3.htm

WELCOME TO RELIGIONQUEST.COM'S JAINISM'S HOME PAGE Discussion Groups Jewish Islam Christian Catholic ... Angels RQ Hinduism News Jainism BBC News - Index Search Jainism@ CNN News Search Jainism@ AP More Jainism News Jainism Defined About Jainism More About Jainism ... Jain Principles, Tradition And Practices Please feel free to: Submit your links Sign up for RQ News Submit a story or article ... Jaindarshan.Com

89. Hinduism, Jainism, And Sikhism jainism. jainism can be considered both a philosophy and a religion. Jain Data Baseis an evolving and expanding Data Base of information related to jainism. http://fn2.freenet.edmonton.ab.ca/~cstier/religion/hinduism.htm

Hinduism Jump to Jainism Jump to Sikhism The name Hinduism means the civilization of the Hindus (originally, the inhabitants of the land of the Indus River). Introduced c. 1830 by English writers, the term properly denotes the Indian civilization of approximately the last 2,000 years, which gradually evolved from Vedism, the religion of the ancient Indo-European peoples who settled in India in the last centuries of the 2nd millenium B.C.E. Because it integrates a large variety of heterogenous elements, Hinduism constitutes a very complex but largely continuous whole, and since it covers the whole of life, it has religious, social, economic, literary, and artistic aspects. As a religion, Hinduism is a diverse conglomerate of doctrines, cults, and ways of life. The diversity of Hinduism makes compiling a list of Internet resources related to Hinduism problematic. Many of the World Wide Web links are personal and highly artistic, which makes it sometimes difficult to find scholarly material valuable to the Religious Studies student. Listed below are what we consider the best available Internet resources on Hinduism. Global Hindu Electronic Network An excellent site which has links to Hindu, Jain, Buddhist, and Sikh texts, as well as historical and modern information about Hindus.

90. Jainism asceticism and meditation. The highest ideal in jainism is the ascetica homeless wanderer without passion or possession. A Jain http://www.crowcollection.com/html/000000000020.html

The word Jain is derived from jina, which means spiritual victor or liberator. The jina were twenty-four saints or teachers in the remote past. The last of these teachers, Mahavira who lived in the 6th century BC, was a contemporary of the Buddha and is considered to be the founder of Jain. Jains do not believe in a Supreme Being or creator, but rather in the existence of a soul in every living being. Passions such as greed and hatred make this soul vulnerable to the effects of former deeds, called karma, and lock it into an endless cycle of death and rebirth. Jains believe that release from this cycle is achieved through asceticism and meditation. The highest ideal in Jainism is the ascetic: a homeless wanderer without passion or possession. A Jain ascetic who has left the world gives up every material thing, sometimes including clothes, and plucks the hairs from his head in a painful demonstration of renunciation. Most Jains do not go to this extreme, but they honor the ascetic as a model of perfection.

91. Terapanthonline Information about jainism, Terapanth, Anuvrat, Prekshan Dhyan, Tirthankaras, JeevanVigyan, Science of Living, Jain Vishwa Bharti, Terapanth Acharyas etc. http://www.terapanthonline.com/jainism/index.php

Home Club Feedback Contact Us ... Other Related JAIN RELIGION AS A WORLD RELIGION -ACHARYA MAHAPRAGYA Lord Mahavir preached his doctrine after attaining omniscience. He propounded Religion by giving central importance to the soul. For him, caste, creed and colour were not significant. Religion or Religion came to acquire a comprehensive scope by upholding the principle that casteism is not real. Treating Religion and sect as two separate things reinforced the basic unity of Religion. There can be a plurality of sects but there can be no plurality of Religion. True Religion consists in subduing attachment and hatred. It is the same for everyone and for all times and all places. Lord Mahavir gives us the anekanta Philosophy (non-absolutism) to look at the world. It is a widely used metaphysical concept and is an important method in the quest for truth. According to this theory, you cannot arrive at the entire truth with the help of sense perceptions because senses have their limitations- they can at best arrive at partial truth. Besides, there are as many facets of truth as there are ideas. Therefore, before declaring that a particular idea is false, one must try to discover its latent fragment of truth. This humble but comprehensive viewpoint of the Jain Religion regarding the quest for truth is enough to give it the status of a world religion.

92. MultiFaithNet Open Access: Jainism MultiFaithNet jainism. Welcome to MultiFaithNet's gateway to jainism on the net. SubscriberServices The jainism content of Religions in the UK Online. http://www.multifaithnet.org/mfnopenaccess/resource/jainism/jainism.htm

MultiFaithNet Jainism W elcome to MultiFaithNet 's gateway to Jainism on the net. From here you can explore resources or engage in discussions. Please select a link below. A Short Introduction to Jainism The Jainism discussion area Open Access Jainism Resources Index to Jain Art ... Index to Jain News Services Subscriber Services The Jainism content of Religions in the UK: On-line To submit a new resource for consideration please use the Feedback Form This page was last updated on MultiFaithNet

93. MultiFaithNet Resources Bank: Jainism Top jainism. MultiFaithNet Resources Bank jainism. Festivals (0) Calendarsand other guides to festivals and holy days for jainism. http://www.multifaithnet.org/mfnopenaccess/resource/links/Jainism/

Top : Jainism MultiFaithNet Resources Bank: Jainism Home Add a Site Modify Site What's New ... Search Resource Categories on MultiFaithNet Categories: Advocacy Profession, promotion and promulgation of Jainism Arts An index to arts in Jainism Education covers academic study of Jainism including publications. Festivals Calendars and other guides to festivals and holy days for Jainism. Organisations Organisations, temples, centres and other meeting places for Jains. Practice The practice of Jainism, including worship, prayer, rituals, and meditation. Teachings An index to doctrines, texts and other materials concerning teachings in Jainism Links: Digambar Jain Mahasimiti (Added: 25-Jan-2000 Hits: 13 Rating: Votes: 0) Rate It Spider Jain Dharma a.k.a. Jainism (Added: 20-Jan-2000 Hits: 11 Rating: Votes: 0) Rate It Spider Jain Friends (Added: 27-Jan-2000 Hits: 12 Rating: Votes: 0) Rate It Spider Jain History: An Outline - Historical outline of Jain doctrine, with chronology chart and links to worldwide resources. (Added: 14-Feb-2000 Hits: 11 Rating: Votes: 0) Rate It Spider Jain Net - JainNet is a non-commercial collective effort to become The Comprehensive Resource for Jainism.

94. 123India.com Jainism : Religions : Society And Culture Search all of 123India.com Search only in jainism. jainism Sites. Essenceof jainism - provide literature and translations into todays language. http://www.123india.com/society_and_culture/religions/jainism/

123India.com Check Email Chat Now Help ... Feedback 123India.com 123India.com Home SERVICES Auctions Chat Contests Cricket Email Environment Events Finance Games Greeting Cards Home Pages Horoscopes Jokes Matrimonials Message Boards Movies Music News Newspaper Headlines Restaurants Search Shopping Timezone Weather Wap Women Yellow Pages Main Categories Education Entertainment Government Reference ... Sports 123India.com Weather The best, most complete, real-time 4 day weather forecasts Opinion Poll YOUR OPINION MATTERS ! Do you support Salman Khan? Site Navigator Add URL What's new 123India.com Society and Culture ... Religions Jainism Help Advanced Search Search all of 123India.com Search only in Jainism Jainism - Sites - information on Jain temples in Ahmedabad, events, Bhakti music etc. Ajivika Page - Ajivika is an ancient religion started by mendicant monks in India. Essence of Jainism - provide literature and translations into todays language. Jain History - an outline of the history of Jainism. Jain History - history of one of the oldest religions Jain Literature and Logic Jain Net Jain Samaj.org

95. Jainism - Mathematics And The Liberal Arts jainism Mathematics and the Liberal Arts. To expand search, see Religion.Laterally related topics The Islamic World, Confucianism http://math.truman.edu/~thammond/history/Jainism.html

Jainism - Mathematics and the Liberal Arts To expand search, see Religion . Laterally related topics: The Islamic World Confucianism Taoism , and The Jewish Tradition The Mathematics and the Liberal Arts pages are intended to be a resource for student research projects and for teachers interested in using the history of mathematics in their courses. Many pages focus on ethnomathematics and in the connections between mathematics and other disciplines. The notes in these pages are intended as much to evoke ideas as to indicate what the books and articles are about. They are not intended as reviews. However, some items have been reviewed in Mathematical Reviews , published by The American Mathematical Society. When the mathematical review (MR) number and reviewer are known to the author of these pages, they are given as part of the bibliographic citation. Subscribing institutions can access the more recent MR reviews online through MathSciNet Biggs, N. L. The roots of combinatorics. Historia Math. (1) As the author explains, the most ancient problem connected with combinatorics may be the house-cat-mice-wheat problem of the Rhind Papyrus (Problem 79), which occurs in a similar form in a problem of Fibonacci's

96. Mangalayatan Jain Pilgrimage Complex, Aligarh, India What is jainism The way of life The Philosophy. Home Hindi versionjainism An Introduction. What is jainism. Originating in http://www.mangalayatan.org/jainism.htm

Jainism Tirthankaras Namokar Mantra Donations ... Contact us xxx Home Hindi version Jainism : An Introduction What is Jainism Originating in the Indian subcontinent, Jainism - or, more properly, the Jain Dharma - is one of the oldest religions of its homeland and indeed of the world. Jains believe that their religion is without a beginning. The twenty-four Tirthankars guided its evolution and elaboration by first achieving, and then teaching the path to salvation. Jain religion is unique in that, during its existence, it has never compromised on concept of nonviolence either in principle or practice. It upholds non-violence as the supreme religion ( Ahimsa Paramo Dharmah ) and has insisted upon its observance in thought, word, and deed at the individual as well as social levels. Jainism begins with a serious concern for the human soul in its relationship with the laws governing existence in the universe, with other living beings, and to its own future state in eternity. First and foremost, it is a religion of the heart. Jains have deep compassion for all forms of life. Jainism offers a quiet, overwhelmingly serious way of life, a cultural insistence on compassion, a society of ethics that has dramatically changed the world and will continue to effect change. Jainism is an ecologically responsible way of life which paves way for a perfectly friendly co-existence of all the worldly beings.

97. URI jainism. NOTE Portions of this article have been adapted from Dr. NP Jain's article A Portrait of jainism, published in the first edition of the SourceBook. http://www.uri.org/religions/jain/

Home Interfaith Religions Baha'ism Buddhism Christianity Hinduism ... Zoroastrianism The purpose of the United Religions Initiative is to promote enduring, daily interfaith cooperation, to end religiously motivated violence and to create cultures of peace, justice and healing for the Earth and all living beings. Introduction People Spiritual Beliefs Sacred Practices Jainism A Portrait by Amar T. Salgia Founding Member of Young Jains of America NOTE: Portions of this article have been adapted from Dr. N.P. Jain's article "A Portrait of Jainism," published in the first edition of the SourceBook. For links to further resources on religions, please visit our Links section. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 142 people gather to celebrate and promote peace April Report Monthly letter from Executive Director ... Contact

98. Jainism jainism. jainism The Monastic Path. jainism. The oldest continuous monastictradition in India is jainism, the path of the Jinas, or victors. http://www.indianchild.com/jainism.htm

web hosting provided by Direct i Jainism Jainism - The Monastic Path By about 500 B.C., some teachers had moved so far down the path of liberation that they no longer viewed the standard perception of life in the social world as valid for the dedicated spiritual devotee. They formed communities of religious renunciants ( shramanas ) who withdrew from the world and evolved a full-time monastic discipline. The most successful of these early communities, the Jains (or, in Sanskrit, Jaina) and the Buddhists, rejected the value of the Vedas and created independent textual traditions based on the words and examples of their early teachers, eventually evolving entirely new ways for interacting with the lay community. Jainism The oldest continuous monastic tradition in India is Jainism, the path of the Jinas, or victors. This tradition is traced to Var-dhamana Mahavira (The Great Hero; ca. 599-527 B.C.), the twenty-fourth and last of the Tirthankaras (Sanskrit for fordmakers). According to legend, Mahavira was born to a ruling family in the town of Vaishali, located in the modern state of Bihar. At the age of thirty, he renounced his wealthy life and devoted himself to fasting and self-mortification in order to purify his consciousness and discover the meaning of existence. He never again dwelt in a house, owned property, or wore clothing of any sort. Following the example of the teacher Parshvanatha (ninth century B.C.), he attained enlightenment and spent the rest of his life meditating and teaching a dedicated group of disciples who formed a monastic order following rules he laid down. His life's work complete, he entered a final fast and deliberately died of starvation.

99. JAINISM - Hindu Influences jainism. Gave us Non-Violence as an Ethical Outlook by Sudheer Birodkar. ancienttimes. This is the Jaina religion or jainism. The http://www.hindubooks.org/sudheer_birodkar/hindu_history/jainism.html

Dear Visitor, I welcome you to this non-profit, educational page. Here you will read about different aspects of the history and culture of that part of our globe which is known variously as Bharatvarsha, Hindostan or India. My approach of looking at history is that of a rationalist and humanist . As my aim is to spread awareness about history and culture, you may freely download this page, print it, link it up from your site, or mirror it at any server. Enjoy the infotainment laid out for you at this site. I also look forward to your valuable suggestions and feedback. Happy viewing. Author Search Jainism - Gave us Non-Violence as an Ethical Outlook by Sudheer Birodkar Table of Contents Parallel to Buddhism another religion has flourished in India since ancient times. This is the Jaina religion or Jainism. The term Jaina or Jain implies follower of Jina which means 'the victorious one'. Jina is the formal title of the 24 spiritual teachers (Tirthankaras) of the Jaina religion. In this sense the term 'Jina' is similar to the term 'Buddha. Popularly, Mahavira who was the last Jaina Tirthankara is confounded to be the founder of this faith.

100. JAINISM IN SOUTH INDIA jainism IN SOUTH INDIA. In South India, jainism is little more thana name. Even serious students jainism IN KARNATAKA. Even before the http://www.terapanth.com/impressions/south-india.htm

JAINISM IN SOUTH INDIA In South India, Jainism is little more than a name. Even serious students of religion in India paid little attention to it. In a population of nearly 60 crores of people, Jainas may constitute nearly some 3 million people . But the influence it wields, its contribution to the development of Indian couture, commerce and industry is out of proportion to their population. Jainological material is so rich and varied and so much extended in time it is impossible to write about it in few pages. Because of this limitation the paper will be simply a fringe study and a general survey. In this brief paper an attempt is made to trace the rise of Jainism as religio-philosophical system, its contribution to Indian Philosophy, Religion, Metaphysics and Logic, Art and Architecture, languages and literatures, and also a brief summary of its history in Andhra Pradesh. The Jainas claim hoary antiquity for their religion. Vishnu and Bhagavata Puranas also mention this fact. The tradition says that during the time of the Mahabharata War Jaina order was led by Neminatha, the 22nd Thirthankara and he belonged to Yadava family. The order gained strength during 8th century B. C., under Parsvanatha, the 23rd Thirthankara. In Parsvanatha we have the first historical beginnings of Jainism. Mahavira was born in the middle of the 6th century B. C. It appears he was influenced to a great extent by Gosala and the followers of Ajivaka sect also. According to one tradition there were 5 heretical sects. They are :

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