41. Paris, City, France: History com/ce6/world/A0860241.html. encyclopediaEncyclopedia—Paris, city,france history. Early History. Julius Caesar conquered Paris in http://print.factmonster.com/ce6/world/A0860241.html

document.write('Print Now!'); this page was printed from Factmonster.com www.factmonster.com/ce6/world/A0860241.html Encyclopedia Paris, city, France History Early History Julius Caesar conquered Paris in 52 B.C. Denis Armagnacs and Burgundians During the Renaissance Fronde The Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries philosophes of the Enlightenment faubourgs ) as Saint-Antoine and Saint-Denis; in the opening events of the French Revolution , city mobs stormed the Bastille (July, 1789) and hauled the royal family from Versailles to Paris (Oct., 1789). Throughout the turbulent period of the Revolution the city played a central role. Napoleon to the Commune Haussmann Commune of Paris , which was bloodily suppressed. Under the Third Republic With the establishment of the Third French Republic and relative stability, Paris became the great industrial and transportation center it is today. Two epochal events in modern cultural history that took place in Paris were the first exhibition of impressionist painting (1874) and the premiere of Stravinsky's Sacre du Printemps Contemporary Paris metro Mitterrand Sections in this article: Introduction Transportation Facilities Points of Interest Government and People History Bibliography Government and People Paris, city, France

42. La France History 2000/02/18 ”?””” 2000/01/24 Download 2000/01/01 ”La France Software Design http://www1.neweb.ne.jp/wb/lafrance/Histroy.html

@—š—ðB @•K—v‚È‚¢‚®‚ç‚¢A­‚È‚¢‚¯‚ǁEEEB^^; Rec?Rec! Release 1.02 ‚̃_ƒEƒ“ƒ[ƒhŠJŽnB2001/02/11 : Rec?Rec! Release 1.01 ‚̃_ƒEƒ“ƒ[ƒhŠJŽnB Rec?Rec! ‚̃_ƒEƒ“ƒ[ƒhŠJŽnB 2000/02/18 : h ƒŠƒ“ƒN hƒy[ƒW‚Ɂh h‚ð’ljÁB Download ƒR[ƒi[‚ðÝ’uB 2000/01/01 : h La France Software Design hƒz[ƒ€ƒy[ƒWŠJÝB

43. MetaCrawler Results | Search Query = France History MetaSearch results for france history (1 to 20 of 89), Read our online articlesabout Paris, Provence and france history and more. Free French recipes too. http://search.metacrawler.com/texis/search?q=France History

44. Civilisations.ca - Musée Virtuel De La Nouvelle-France / Civilization.ca - Virt History of the time in which the French explored North America and founded there the colony of New France. Site includes museum information and a virtual museum. http://www.vmnf.civilization.ca/

Commentaires-Comments: mvnf@civilisations.ca Dernière mise à jour : 27 septembre 2001 - Latest update: September 27, 2001. Musée canadien des civilisations Canadian Museum of Civilization

45. History Of France Trace france's fascinating history as an emerging world power, from before theRoman Empire's expansion, through the dynasties of the French monarchy http://www.discoverfrance.net/France/History/DF_history.shtml

Culture, history, language, travel, and more! France Paris Provinces Welcome to DF.net! Academic Research Add Your Site Advertising Awards Chat Children Climate Communications Consulate Info Cuisine Dictionaries Economy Education Government Health History Holidays Language Literature Lodging Movies Museums Music News Articles People Postal Services Print Media Resources Study Abroad Theatre Tourism Transportation Videos Waterways Wines Other Links Site Map Pull down window to select topic, then click GO! Enter your e-mail address to receive updates about DiscoverFrance.net! Click above to search this site or the Internet. Click above for optional background music while you browse! Click above to see random quotations! PLEASE VISIT OUR ART BOUTIQUE TO VIEW PRINTS BY FRENCH ARTISTS A HISTORY of FRANCE F rance is an independent nation in Western Europe and the center of a large overseas administration. It is the third-largest European nation (after Russia and Ukraine). I n ancient times France was part of the Celtic territory known as Gaul or Gallia. Its present name is derived from the Latin Francia, meaning "country of the Franks," a Germanic people who conquered the area during the 5th century, at the time of the fall of the Western Roman Empire. It became a separate country in the 9th century.

46. Genealogie Et Histoire En France - Genealogy And History In France Professional French genealogist offers a number of research services. In French, English and Spanish. http://www.gefrance.com/

ENGLISH FRANCAIS ESPANOL ITALIANO ... QUEBEC Reproduction interdite / All reproduction in whole or in part is strictly prohibited. Statistiques : var test=0; document.write("<");document.write("! "); document.write(" ");document.write(">"); The Genealogy Register Other genealogy sites Fight Spam! Click Here!

47. France -- Primary Documents history of france Primary Documents. http://library.byu.edu/~rdh/eurodocs/france.html

History of France: Primary Documents From Antiquity through 1065 1946 to the Present Legal and Governmental Documents Regional, Local, and Family History ... " Home Page EuroDocs has been visited times since February 1996. EuroDocs Weaver: Richard Hacken, European Studies Bibliographer, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA. Comments, corrections and suggestions are welcome: Hacken @ byu.edu Last Updated: February 2003

48. French History: Introduction - France . Com (tm) Get time lines charting the history of france's prehistoric, ancient, medieval, Renaissance, revolutionary, and modern eras. history can be relived all throughout france. Prehistoric paintings decorate the walls of caves in the Southwest, http://www.france.com/culture/history

French History Introduction 2 Mil BC-200 BC Prehistory 200 BC-481 AD Antiquity 481 AD - 1453 Middle Ages Renaissance Grand Siecle Revolution ... 20th Century The Fleur de Lys, the royal emblem History can be relived all throughout France. Prehistoric paintings decorate the walls of caves in the Southwest, whereas the Southeast is filled with bridges, acqueducts and amphitheaters built by the Romans over 2,000 years ago. The soaring spires of the great cathedrals are expressions of the religious faith that dominated the Middle Ages. Symbols of the Republic Browse the following pages to get a feeling of "L'Histoire de France"

49. France -- Primary Documents Brigham Young Univ. provides the texts of the "Capitulary of Charlemagne " the "Ordinance of Louis the Pious " and the "Chronicles of Froissart." http://www.lib.byu.edu/~rdh/eurodocs/france.html

History of France: Primary Documents From Antiquity through 1065 1946 to the Present Legal and Governmental Documents Regional, Local, and Family History ... " Home Page EuroDocs has been visited times since February 1996. EuroDocs Weaver: Richard Hacken, European Studies Bibliographer, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA. Comments, corrections and suggestions are welcome: Hacken @ byu.edu Last Updated: February 2003

50. Civilization.ca - Virtual Museum Of New France Aficionados of history and genealogy, take note! Meet the Native peoples in the days of New france. New france ABC http://www.civilization.ca/vmnf/vmnfe.asp

QUICK LINKS Home page VMNF Main Menu About the Museum About New France Genealogy Tourism Collections Youth Adventures Explorers First Nations People Great Names Daily Life Maps Chronology Glossary Artifact catalogue Library catalogue Boutique Aficionados of history and genealogy, take note! Our Ancestors of European Origin: Genealogy and Family History now has 254 new family histories and more than 2,000 illustrations. First Nations The traditions of the Aboriginal peoples were disrupted by European contact. Meet the Native peoples in the days of New France. New France ABC Daily life objects from the Canadian Museum of Civilization's collection illustrate how Canadians lived in the New France era. Subscribe to our newsletter Created: September 27, 2001 Important Notices

51. MapZones.com History france, history, Back to Top. france has enjoyed a clear sense of its own identityin the modern period, but this identity took a very long time to develop. http://www.mapzones.com/world/europe/france/historyindex.php

Country Info France Introduction France General Data France Maps France Culture ... France Time and Date France History Back to Top France has enjoyed a clear sense of its own identity in the modern period, but this identity took a very long time to develop. The term France did not refer uniquely to the territory now identified with the French nation until the end of the Middle Ages. The French language took a standardized form only in the 17th century. As late as the 19th century, a quarter of the population residing in France did not speak standard French. Roman Catholicism, the religion of the vast majority of French people today, was also adopted very slowly. Some historians argue that the majority of French people did not practice Catholic rituals and accept Catholic doctrines in their orthodox form before the 18th century. The French state took centuries to build. Until 1789 the French people lived under some 400 separate codes of civil law. They were better described as subjects of a king than as citizens of a nation. Charles Martel became mayor of the palace in 714 and consolidated military control over outlying regions of the kingdom. To gain support for his operations, Charles Martel distributed church lands among his retainers. This action furthered the interpenetration of the church and the state that had begun in early Merovingian times. These two institutions were so deeply joined that they did not become fully disentangled in France until the 20th century. When he died in 741, Charles Martel was buried in the abbey of Saint-Denis near Paris, which later became the burial site of many French kings. Charles Martel’s sons, Pepin the Short and Carloman, succeeded him. Carloman retired to a monastery in 747, leaving Pepin to rule alone. Pepin had to put down revolts among the magnates but was eventually able to strengthen his position. By 751 he had largely abandoned the title of mayor of the palace in favor of the Latin title princeps .

52. Embassy Of France In The US - France's History history 58 BC 481 AD. Roman conquest of Celtic Gaul. Sweeping invasions fromthe east. Hugh Capet, elected King of france, founds the Capetian dynasty. http://www.info-france-usa.org/atoz/history.asp

53. Histoire Learn about the history of france from prehistoric times until the Hundred Years' War. THE history OF france -1-. The only European country facing both the North Sea and the Mediterranean, france has been http://www.franceway.com/culture/histoire.htm

THE HISTORY OF FRANCE -1- The only European country facing both the North Sea and the Mediterranean, France has been subject to a particulary rich variety of cultural influences. Though famous for the rootedness of its peasant population, it has also been a European melting pot, even before the arrival of the Celtic Gauls in the centuries before Christ, through to the Mediterranean immigrations of the 20th century. Roman conquest by Julius Caesar had an enduring impact, but from the 4th and 5th centuries AD, waves of Barbarbian invaders destroyed much of the Roman legacy. The Germanic Franks provided political leadership in the following centuries, but when their line died out in the late 10th century, France was socially and politically fragmented. THE FORMATION OF FRANCE PREHISTORIC FRANCE ROMAN GAUL THE MONASTIC REALM ... THE HISTORY OF FRANCE / Page 2 THE FORMATION OF FRANCE PREHISTORIC FRANCE The earliest traces of human life in France date back to around 2 million BC. From around 40,000 BC, Homo sapiens lived an itinerant existence as hunters and gatherers. Around 6000 BC, following the end of Ice Age, a major shift in lifestyle occured as people settled down to herd animals and cultivate crops. The advent of metal-working allowed more effective tools and weapons to be developed. The Iron Age is associated particulary with the Celts, who arrived from the east during the first millennium BC. A more complex social hierarchy developed, consisting of warriors, farmers, artisans and druids (Celtic priests).

54. France's History Of Flight The history of French aviation began at the dawn of the 20th century. citizen, whowas the first passenger to travel via air from the United Kingdom to france. http://www.flight100.org/history/fra.html

FRANCE The history of French aviation began at the dawn of the 20th century. The French had been involved in human flight since 1783, when François Pilâtre de Rozier and the Marquis d'Arlandes flew over Paris in the first human flight in a hot air balloon. That same year, the scientist Jacques Alexandre Charles flew with Ainé Robert in the first hydrogen balloon flight. On 7 January 1785 Jean-Pierre Blanchard crossed the English Channel, from Dover to Calais, on board a hydrogen balloon. He was accompanied by John Jeffries, an American citizen, who was the first passenger to travel via air from the United Kingdom to France. The military usefulness of balloons quickly became apparent to the French. Late in 1870, when the Prussians besieged Paris, balloons allowed the military to stay in touch with authorities trying to organize resistance in the French provinces. Although the Paris airlift was not able to change the course of the military operations in the 1870-1871 war between France and Prussia, it had considerable impact on world opinion about aerostats. In 1784, just one year after the first flights of man-operated balloons, the French inventor G. Meusnier proposed a design for a streamlined propelled and steerable balloon. The design was a forerunner of dirigibles. The first flight of a dirigible was accomplished by another French pioneer, Henri Giffard, in September 1852 in an airship powered by a 3 HP steam-engine. In 1884, two French officers, Charles Renard and Arthur Krebs, made a five-mile trip aboard the dirigible, La France, powered by an electric motor.

55. H-France Home Page but slow to download; L'Histoir e du Tour de france A chronologyof the major events in the history of the Tour de france. Paris http://www3.uakron.edu/hfrance/history.html

medieval early modern 18th-19th centuries 20th century ... general Online Resources Medieval IRHT Institut de recherche et d'histoire des textes. Ressources et outils documentaires sur Internet pour les médiévistes from Jussieu International Medieval Institute at the University of Leeds Labyrinth at Georgetown University. The first and still probably the most comprehensive collection of medieval resources Medieval Institute at Kalamazoo Philip -Augustus' Paris: the Wall and the City : The site covers the urban planning history of Paris. Voyage en Terre d'Oc, le catharisme : An extensive site on the Cathar religion and the Albigensian Crusade; it includes a timeline and images of some of the major towns: Albi, Carcassone, Toulouse, to name a few. The Avignonese Papacy Archaeological Dig at Lac de Paladru from the year 1000 Les dix dynasties : A history of the Merovingian and Carolingian dynasties covering the period between 450 and 987 The Battle of Hastings By a confessed non-historian, a resident of Battle. Slow to download, big, baroque, and glitzy. Early Modern New Historians of Early Modern France: Research in Progress The Witchcraft Bibliography Project maintained by Richard M. Golden, the University of North Texas

56. Avenue France- Home Page Information about france, its culture and its people. Topics covered are cuisine, literature, history, geography, language. A discussion board is available. http://www.avenuefrance.com

Everything French and about France... its culture, cuisine, language, history, geography, traveling in France and more! Find helpful books, music, videos, calendars and more about France and French culture...on Amazon.com. Search: Books Popular Music Classical Music Video Enter keywords below... When you're finished visiting Amazon.com, hit your "back" button to return to AvenueFrance. For great gift ideas, visit giftcertificates.com....tres bon! For memorable trips to historic places in France... Please notify us if you have any questions about our site. Website Design: A Thousand Words Media

57. French History: Renaissance - France . Com (tm) French history - French cultureCategory Society history By Region Europe Renaissance......French history Renaissance. DATELINE 14941559 Italian Wars france andAustria fight over Italian territories 1515 François I crowned King. http://www.france.com/culture/history/renaissance.html

French History Renaissance DATELINE Italian Wars: France and Austria fight over Italian territories The Wars of Religion: Catholics fight Protestants Massacre of Protestants on St. Bartholomew's eve in Paris Henri IV becomes 1st Bourbon King and converts to Catholicism, ending Wars of Religion Founding of Quebec Francois I In the early 16th century, after a series of Italian wars, Francois I strengthened the French Crown and welcomed to France many Italian artists and designers such as Leonardo da Vinci. Their influence assured the success of the Renaissance style characterized by enlarged doors and windows, the great sophistications of the interiors. da Vinci's Mona Lisa The Loire Valley Chateaus (Chambord) and Francois I's Chateau of Fontainebleau are perfect examples of the Renaissance style, which combined defensive fortresses with luxurious palaces. Diane de Poitier, "Favorite" of Henri II Between 1562 and 1598, the increasse in the number of the Huguenots (Protestants) led to the Wars of Religion. Catherine de Medici ordered the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre of hundreds of Protestants. In 1589, Henri IV, a target of the massacre, becomes the first Bourbon king of France and astutely converted to Catholism. He ended the Wars of Religion by enacting the Edict of Nantes, which guaranteed religious and political rights to the Huguenots. FRENCH HISTORY 2 Mil -200 BC Prehistory 200 BC-481 Antiquity 481 AD-1453 Middle Ages Renaissance Grand Siecle Revolution ... 20th Century

58. France - History (data Useful To The Scholarly Societies Project The information below on governing regimes in france is drawn largely from the Encyclopaedia powerin 1815 is drawn from p.761 of Europe a history, by Norman http://www.scholarly-societies.org/history/history_france.html

France Historical Notes From the 17th century onward, France has played a major role in the scholarly world, as may be seen by a glance at the table of contents of Scudder's geographical index of scientific serials Governing Regimes The information below on governing regimes in France is drawn largely from the Encyclopaedia Britannica and Webster's New Geographical Dictionary . Information about Napoleon's brief return to power in 1815 is drawn from p.761 of Europe: a History, by Norman Davies (London: Pimlico / Random House, 1997). Monarchy National Convention NOTE: On August 8, 1793, the Convention Nationale decreed the abolition of "toutes les académies et sociétés littéraires patentées ou dotées par la Nation" [all academies and learned societies licensed or endowed by the Nation] ( Institut de France (1995) , p.299). This edict appears not to have extended to provincial or metropolitan societies lacking a clear national connection (such as licensing or endowment by the Nation). Directorate Consulate (Napoleon Bonaparte) First Empire (Napoleon Bonaparte) Monarchy [The Monarchy was replaced by the Empire for a brief period of time, from March to July of 1815, when Napoleon returned from exile and took control of France from the monarch Louis XVIII.]

59. Guardian Unlimited | World Dispatch | The Battle For France's History The battle for france's history A row over the republic's colonial past is beingwaged on one particular Parisian street, reports Jon Henley Wednesday May 9 http://www.guardian.co.uk/elsewhere/journalist/story/0,7792,488223,00.html

Go to: Guardian Unlimited home UK news World news Archive search Arts Books Business EducationGuardian.co.uk Film Football Jobs Life MediaGuardian.co.uk Money The Observer Online Politics Shopping SocietyGuardian.co.uk Sport Talk Travel Audio Email services Special reports The Guardian The weblog The informer The northerner The wrap Advertising guide Crossword Dating Headline service Syndication services Events / offers Help / contacts Information Newsroom Style guide Travel offers TV listings Weather Web guides Guardian Weekly Money Observer Home UK Business Online ... Quiz Search this site Tools Text-only version Send it to a friend Read it later See saved stories Latest dispatches World latest Special reports Archive Choose a journalist John Aglionby (South-east Asia) Sophie Arie (Italy) Ian Black (European Union) Julian Borger (Washington DC) Oliver Burkeman (New York) Duncan Campbell (Los Angeles) Rory Carroll (Africa) Dan De Luce (Iran) David Fickling (Australia) John Gittings (East Asia) Luke Harding (India) Jon Henley (France) John Hooper (Germany) Rory McCarthy (Pakistan) Anne McIlroy (Canada) Andrew Osborn (Brussels) Nick Paton Walsh (Russia) Helena Smith (Greece) David Teather (New York) Simon Tisdall (Foreign policy) Ian Traynor (Central Europe) Giles Tremlett (Spain) Jonathan Watts (Japan) Brian Whitaker (Middle East) Philip Willan (Italy) Paris dispatch The battle for France's history A row over the republic's colonial past is being waged on one particular Parisian street, reports Jon Henley

60. Guardian | The Battle For France's History Paris dispatch The battle for france's history A row over the republic's colonialpast is being waged on one particular Parisian street, reports Jon Henley. http://www.guardian.co.uk/Print/0,3858,4183499,00.html

Paris dispatch The battle for France's history A row over the republic's colonial past is being waged on one particular Parisian street, reports Jon Henley Jon Henley Wednesday May 9, 2001 The Guardian A very French row is currently raging over an otherwise unremarkable 110-yard-long street on the border between the tres chic first and eighth arrondissements of Paris. It pits the capital's new Socialist mayor, Bertrand Delanoe, against the conservative mayor of the eighth, Francois Lebel. Both sides have mobilised their troops, and the battle promises to be long and bloody. This is only appropriate, as it happens, because the row centres on the fact that the street concerned is named after one General Richepance, a famed Napoleonic commander who walloped the Austrians at Hohenlinden and put down a nasty rebellion on the French island of Guadeloupe. In commemoration of the former, the good general already has his name engraved on the Arc de Triomphe, which as every tourist should know is a monument to the military exploits of the diminutive Corsican-born emperor (and not to all the brave men and women who have died trying to reach it by crossing the terrifying Place de l'Etoile). The problem, however, is the general's second memorable feat. Since the Guadeloupe rebellion was led largely by unhappy former slaves and led to an estimated 10,000 deaths, Richepance's repression of it is seen by many more enlightened Parisians - including Mr Delanoe - as a distinctly dubious achievement.

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