41. Pennyroyal Repels Ants And Fleas And Soothes Headaches. insect Repellent Pennyroyal oil contains many natural insect repellents.Try it to repell against flies, gnats, mosquitoes, fleas, and ticks. http://www.taoherbfarm.com/herbs/herbs/pennyroyal.htm

Back to Main Herb Directory Garden, Landscape Design Software Resources E-Mail Pennyroyal Latin: Mentha Pulegium Family: Labiatae Climate range.................................. Aspect range.................................... Mature height................................... Mature width.................................... Special purpose............................... Foliage type..................................... Soil Type.......................................... Propagation..................................... Sow-Plant........................................ Space Apart..................................... Flowering Season............................ Flower Color.................................... Temperate, Cool Full sun,Half Sun creeping Medicinal, Insect repellent Perennial Rich, moist Seed, Division Spring Summer to Autumn Mauve COMMENTS: Creeping Pennyroyal has small peppermint scented leaves. Creeper that forms a nice mound or ground cover. Uses: pennyroyal was used in earlier times to flavor puddings and sauces. Tea is still used to soothe headaches . Strong minty aroma that repels ants and fleas. Oil is a abortifacient, not to be used during pregnancy.

42. Insect Control - Industrial Roach Killers - Insecticides - Flying Insect Control FLYING insect KILLER. Labeled for use on common flying pests, clothes moths and carpetbeetles, fleas, roaches and waterbugs, and the following food area pests http://www.chemexindustries.com/insect-control.html

Econo-Pint Products Quarts Aerosols Acid Cleaners, Bowl Cleaners ... Miscellaneous Insect Control POWDERED ROACH KILLER SURE CONTROL OF ROACH AND ANT INFESTATIONS Type: Residual crack and crevice treatment. Ready to use powder formula. Contains Pyrethrin/Powder, with added anti-caking ingredients for long shelf life. To rid building of persistent roach populations, simply sprinkle this powder insecticide in cracks, crevices, and voids under drawers, sinks, and appliances where the insects will track through it. The fine powder clings to the body hairs of insects, and is carried back to the nesting area. When the insects preen themselves and others, they ingest the powder and die from its toxic effects on their digestive system. Ideal because the insecticide is carried back to the nest where it can reach many more insects. Perfect for use with other insecticides and sanitation programs to eradicate heavy infestations. FLYING INSECT KILLER USDA AUTHORIZED - FAST KNOCKDOWN INSECTICIDE Type: Contact insecticide. Ready to use. with dual synergists, in an odorless solvent carrier. This ready to use insecticide has fast knockdown and kill of all types of flying and crawling insects. It uses an odorless solvent carrier that has superior penetrating ability, resulting in more efficient knockdown of flying insects. This product has a high flash point for greater safety, and is non-staining to most surfaces. The synthetic pyrethroid active ingredient offers an excellent alternative to natural pyrethrum products.

43. Cockroaches, Dragonflies, Earwigs, Fleas various species. fleas This site has a detailed description of this insect,with diagrams and information on their biology. fleas Read http://www.eagle.ca/~matink/themes/Insects/cockroch.html

Home Page Ontario Curriculum Teacher Resources Libraries ... Holidays Cockroaches, Earwigs and Fleas Table of Contents Cockroaches Dragonflies and Dameselflies Earwigs Fleas Cockroaches (Blattodea) All About Cockroaches Read about the taxonomy and life cycle of the cockroach. Includes a photo and references. American Cockroach Learn about the American cockroach's appearance, size, habitat and life cycle. Also find out how to control these pests. American Cockroach Read information about appearance, habitat, biology and habits and control. Asian Cockroach The Asian cockroach is a rural and suburban pest that mainly infests single-family, suburban houses and yards. Australian Cockroach Read information about appearance, habitat, biology and habits and control. Brown Cockroach Read information about appearance, habitat, biology and habits and control. Brown-banded Cockroach Read information about appearance, habitat, biology and habits and control. Cockroach Learn all about this insect as you read this article from Compton's Encyclopedia.

44. Fleas collars whose purpose(s) is to manage fleas in companion Classes of insecticidesinclude organophosphates, carbamates, pyrethrins, insect growth regulators http://www.newmanveterinary.com/Fleas.html

Introduction Life Cycle Insecticides Organophosphates ... Central Nervous System Modulators Introduction: Fleas are external, blood-sucking parasites of dogs (and other canids ), cats (and other felids ), pigs, rodents, rabbits, people, birds. Ctenocephalides species infest dogs and cats, naturally, but can also jump on and bite other animals and people. Adult fleas bite the host animal, sucking blood and sometimes, transmitting diseases and/or other parasites (e.g. plague, cat scratch fever, human and cat/dog tapeworms, other worms, blood parasites). Bites are painful, cause local itching, produce intense discomfort and at times secondary infection (due to excessive self trauma from scratching) , especially in animals particularly sensitive (allergic) to flea saliva. Additionally, infestation of very young, small animals can result in severe anemia (from blood sucking)...and even death. Life Cycle: The flea metamorphosis consists of a cycle of eggs to larvae to pupae to adult stages.... Insecticides for Controlling Fleas: Insecticides are used in area sprays, dips, shampoos, spot-ons, oral and topical preparations, and flea collars whose purpose(s) is to manage fleas in companion animals by preventing, controlling and/or obliterating these nasty parasites. Classes of insecticides include

45. Compare Prices And Read Reviews On Spectracide Houseplant Spectracide Houseplant Garden insect Spray. Spray 1 gallon of waterbased ready-to-usespray insecticide for fast control of fleas, Spectrum Spectracide Flea http://www.epinions.com/hmgd-Lawn_and_Garden-Pest_Control-All-Spectracide_Housep

46. Compare Prices And Read Reviews On Spectracide Bug Stop Indoor & Outdoor Home In Spectracide Bug Stop Indoor Outdoor Home insect Control. 1 gallon of waterbasedready-to-use spray insecticide for fast control of fleas, Spectrum Spectracide http://www.epinions.com/hmgd-Lawn_and_Garden-Pest_Control-All-Spectracide_Bug_St

Join Epinions Help Sign In Pest Control All Categories Advanced Search Home Pest Control Overall rating: Reviewed by 6 Epinions users - Write a review Compare Prices View Details Read Reviews Subscribe to reviews on this product Marketplaces Store Rating 647 store reviews Search "Buy it Now" for at eBay Search for at eBay Read Reviews Kowabunga, Ants by AngelaBar When Bugs Drives You Nuts, Get Spectracide by Bye Bye Bugs NOW by llukins View all reviews Featured Resources Electronic Pest Learn How to Get Rid of Pests. Sign Up for a Free Home Evaluation. www.terminix.com Electronic Pest Control Repeller uses Ultrasonic, Ionic and Electromagnetic Technology www.electronicpestrepeller.com Animal Control Products We offer animal repellers, scare devices, roost inhibitors and more! www.bird-x.com Help Member Center Privacy Statement Site Index ... Trademark Notice Epinions.com periodically updates pricing and product information from third-party sources, so some information may be slightly out-of-date. You should confirm all information before relying on it.

47. FLEA PRODUCTS recommended precautions) Aerosol Carpet Spray contains Permethrin (a botanical fleakiller for quick and safe killing of fleas), an insect Growth Regulator for http://www.bug-guy.com/FLEA PRODUCTS.htm

FLEA PRODUCTS Bugaboo Pest Control LLC D o it y ourself ... nt Invasion! Have A Pet? Can't use Spray? Take a look at the ProZap hanging insect guard. A safer way to protect your pet from Fleas Ticks and Mite infestations in animal and cages. Easy to use, just hang on outside of cage and it begins working . Good for up to three months. Round the clock protection. Click here to buy one at paypal for just $ DEMIZE CARPET SPRAY 16 oz. aerosol Adulticide plus IGR. Convenient Aerosol treats 1000+ sq ft. The only aerosol that kills all four stages of fleas Insect Growth Regulator is stable in ultraviolet light (sunlight) and can be used in patios, near windows, in kennels, in shaded runs etc. Pleasant citrus fragrance Safe for plants, furniture, carpets Safest of aerosols for use in areas with aquariums, birds, reptiles and other delicate pets (with recommended precautions) Aerosol Carpet Spray contains Permethrin (a botanical flea killer for quick and safe killing of fleas), an Insect Growth Regulator for prevention of re-infestation, and citrus-based penetrating adulticide to kill flea eggs, larvae, and pupae in a one-step indoor application. It also contains Linalool (Linalool is found in lavender flowers and is one of the constituents of lavender oil) Prevents flea and roach reproduction for up to 5 months Contain Insect Growth Regulators (IGR) To disallow the eggs to mature. Also affective for

48. FLEAS NYLAR IGR / insect GROWTH REGULATOR NYLAR is the latest growth regulator which is itis odorless and will stop the cycle of clothes moths, fleas, roaches, box http://www.bug-guy.com/FLEAS.htm

FLEAS Bugaboo Pest Control LLC D o it y ourself ... nt Invasion! Have A Pet? Can't use Spray? Take a look at the ProZap hanging insect guard. A safer way to protect your pet from Fleas Ticks and Mite infestations in animal and cages. Easy to use, just hang on outside of cage and it begins working . Good for up to three months. Round the clock protection. Click here to buy one at paypal for just $ Fleas are a parasite and must have blood in order to reproduce. All fleas pass through four stages: the egg, larvae, pupa, and adult. The eggs are laid on the host animal and then fall onto the premises where they hatch into maggot-like larva. After approximately 2 weeks, these larva will develop into a pupa, or cocoon, where they remain until they emerge as an adult flea. Fleas development inside the house commonly takes place on and under rugs, in floor cracks and crevices, on and around furniture and pet resting areas. Almost all flea infestations can be attributed to pets. Fleas are pests of humans and their domestic animals all over the world. Fleas in and around the home are usually linked with a person's dog or cat. The hopping, brown, laterally flattened flea is easily recognized. The same flea that feeds on a dog or cat will also bite people, piercing the skin, sucking blood, and leaving a red, itching "spot". The initial bite of the flea is usually painless, but the area will become irritated and itch with in a few hours. Female fleas, after feeding on blood, lay eggs which hatch into small, white, active, wormlike stage which grows to about 1/16 inch long. Under ideal conditions the egg stage lasts

49. Untitled Document Photos and information to help identify household pests.Category Science Biology Zoology Arthropoda Entomology...... fleas can jump around 15cm and if there original source of food is not available BiologyThe larvae of this insect burrow into soil and feed on the roots of http://www.pestokill.co.uk/pages/insect.htm

By completing the stages below Pestokill have provided an identification key to the common insects that you may find. A description of the insects habits, behaviours and biology is provided. *Coming Soon* We will be adding a new database to this page to allow to quickly and accurately find the insect information you need ! Insect size Pin head Size less than – 2.5mm Pencil Head Size – 7mm 5 Pence Size – 12mm 10 Pence Size – 24mm 50 Pence Size – 27mm General insect Colour A clear identification will depend on a visual assessment of the insect. We would also need to look closely at the shape of the head, abdomen and thorax, the legs and the mouth parts to provide an exact identification. One of the best clues to identification is where the insects have been found. Based on this key the most likely insect that you have will be as follows; back to top Common Name: Bed Bugs Scientific Name: Cimex lectularis Habitat: Behind skirting boards, loose wallpaper, headboards, bed bases, mattress seams.

50. Help Pets Find Relief From Fleas (06-29-1998) Treat indoors with products containing pyrethrins and/or pyrethroids and an insectgrowth regulator. insect growth regulators prevent fleas from reproducing. http://msucares.com/news/print/cvm/cvm98/980629jt.htm

Office of Agricultural Communications Animal Health Help Pets Find Relief From Fleas By Bonnie Coblentz MISSISSIPPI STATE Fleas and summertime may seem inseparable, but proper treatments can give pets a little relief from these biting pests. Dr. John Tyler, a specialist in small animal medicine at Mississippi State University's College of Veterinary Medicine, said a combination of treatments usually works best to rid fleas from pets and their environment. Traditional insecticide foggers are ineffective at treating flea infestations. "There's been a revolution in flea control in the last year to year and a half," Tyler said. "Several different treatments are available for different situations." Adulticides are flea treatments that kill adult fleas. Two new adulticides are Frontline and Advantage. "These products work before the fleas bite. They are extremely effective at killing fleas and are very safe for the animal," Tyler said. "They are available in sprays or as a topical fluid, which is placed in a measured amount between the animal's shoulder blades or at the base of their neck. Body oils spread it around the body where it can control fleas. Apply either product monthly on cats and dogs to control fleas. Frontline also provides effective protection against ticks for one month. These are sold through veterinarians, and can be put on puppies and kittens as young as 8 to 10 weeks old.

51. Insecticides For Killing Fleas:Catalyst, Flea Fix IGR, Petcor Kills fleas, ticks, roaches, ants and other insect pests. Each pint ofthis insecticide concentrate will make about 10 gallons of solution. http://www.kill-fireants.com/fleakit.htm

Kill Fire Ants Home Page Ant Index Ant Baits ... www.pestproducts.com Indoor Flea Kit Suspend SC FLEA FIX IGR PETCOR CHAPIN SPRAYER ... Order flea control supplies For total flea control in your home, order the Indoor Flea Kit. All products in the Indoor Flea Kit are water-safe for fabrics and safe for households with children and pets, when label instructions are followed. Cannot be shipped to NY, NJ, CT, VT, HI, AK Each kit is $85 and contains: 1 pint Suspend SC Insecticide Concentrate . Kills fleas, ticks, roaches, ants and other insect pests. Each pint of this insecticide concentrate will make about 10 gallons of solution. Mix 3/4 ounce per gallon of water. A gallon of solution will treat up to 1,500 square feet. Labeled for spraying carpets, tile and hardwood floors, furniture and baseboards. 1 IGR, for controlling flea eggs and larvae for 4 months. Mix 1 bottle in a gallon of water with Suspend SC when spraying for fleas. A 1 1/2 gallon Chapin sprayer. This sprayer has is what you need to apply professional pest control products and comes with a life time guarantee! 1 pint Petcor Flea Spray.

52. Bayside Animal Hospital - Insect Borne Diseases Frontline® kills both fleas and ticks and lasts for at least 1 month. We recommendthat you apply an insect repellent gel to the ears to prevent fly strike if http://www.baysideanimalhospital.com/bugs.html

Welcome to Bayside Doctors on Staff Preventive Care Surgical Care Bathing Hospital Facilities Supplies More Information Those Doggone Bugs Are Back! El Nino has caused lots of rain and warm weather on the shore this year. These conditions are perfect for all kinds of insects and a particularly "buggy" spring and summer is predicted. Unfortunately, this means our four-legged friends will have a bigger battle than ever with their four archenemies: fleas, ticks, mosquitoes, and flies. 1. FLEAS: Fleas can spread blood parasites and tapeworms, and most of all they just make our pets plain uncomfortable and itchy. If you do not have a flea problem and want something to PREVENT fleas from infesting your pets and your home this spring, we recommend "Program®". Program® comes in a pill for dogs or a liquid for cats and is given orally once a month. Program® prevents flea eggs from hatching, but it does not kill adult fleas. This means that you may still see a few live fleas on your pet when it takes Program, but those fleas will in effect be "sterile" and unable to reproduce, thus preventing a severe flea infestation. Program is very non-toxic and safe for your pet and other family members. If you already have an existing flea problem in your house, if your pet spends lots of time outdoors, or if your pet is allergic to flea saliva, then you need something to actually KILL those fleas, and not just sterilize them. For these situations we recommend "

53. Household Flea Control, Mosquito Control, Carpet Flea Sprays, Flea Bombs, Flea Y contains two adulticides to quickly kill adult fleas and ticks, and the insect GrowthRegulator, (S) Methoprene, to kill flea eggs to prevent re-infestation. http://www.epetpals.com/household_flea_control.htm

Flea Control for Dogs Household Flea Control, Flea Spray, Yard Spray and Flea Foggers Home Sign In Help Page Shipping ... View Cart (This page contains 11 items) Zodiac Home Insect Spray Treatment of the surrounding environment is as important as treating your pet. This long-lasting, triple-action formula contains two adulticides to quickly kill adult fleas and ticks, and the Insect Growth Regulator, (S) - Methoprene, to kill flea eggs to prevent re-infestation. Zodiac Home Insect Spray 8 oz. Zodiac Home Insect Spray 16 oz. Zodiac FleaTrol Carpet/Upholstery Pump Spray Zodiac FleaTrol Carpet and Upholstery Pump Spray kills Fleas and Ticks. Kills Adult Fleas and Flea Larvae. Also kills adult roaches, ants, and other insects on contact. Plus Insect Growth Regulator Kills flea eggs. No lingering odor. Zodiac Carpet and Upholstery Pump Spray 24 oz. Zodiac Carpet and Upholstery Aerosol Spray Zodiac FleaTrol plus IGR Carpet and Upholstery Aerosol Spray treats 2,000 square feet, kills adult fleas and ticks.

54. Fleas House Treatments Sprays - FuturePets.com Aerosol Carpet Spray contains Permethrin (a botanical flea killer for quick andsafe killing of fleas), an insect Growth Regulator for prevention of re http://futurepet.com/Fleahous.htm

Fleas House Treatments Sprays - Complete Product Index Address Editor Mailing List Your Settings ... Checkout Search All of the words The exact phrase Any of the words Matches [ 7 Products in 7 Presentation Pages ] The only house spray that kills ALL stages of fleas AND prevents reproduction safely and easily in one treatment Demize Carpet Spray The only house spray that kills ALL stages of fleas AND prevents reproduction safely and easily in one treatment Adulticide plus IGR. Convenient Aerosol treats 1000+ sq ft. The only aerosol that kills all four stages of flea! Insect Growth Regulator is stable in ultraviolet light (sunlight) and can be used in patios, near windows, in kennels, in shaded runs etc. Pleasant citrus fragrance Safe for plants, furniture, carpets Safest of aerosols for use in areas with aquariums, birds, reptiles and other delicate pets (with recommended precautions) Aerosol Carpet Spray contains Permethrin (a botanical flea killer for quick and safe killing of fleas), an Insect Growth Regulator for prevention of re-infestation, and citrus-based penetrating adulticide to kill flea eggs, larvae, and pupae in a one-step indoor application. Prevents flea and roach reproduction for up to 5 months Products in this Presentation Catalog Number (Click for More Info and Pricing) Description (Click to View) DEMIZE Demize Carpet Spray,16 oz (NO AIR SHIP)

55. Preventing Fleas With Once-a-month Flea Products Lufenuron (Program) Lufenuron, an insect Development Inhibitor (IDI),dramatically affects the way fleas reproduce. IDIs interfere http://www.drsfostersmith.com/Articles/flea_products.cfm

Search: Ordering From Your Catalog or Magazine? Enter Item # Helpful Links: Contact Us Help FREE Catalogs Gift Certificates ... Visit our PetEducation site You are here: Home Preventing fleas with "once-a-month" flea products Today's convenient, once-a-month insecticides for pets have made great advancements in flea prevention, and a wide array of compounds are now available. Although each product eliminates fleas differently, they are all effective. And since they are toxic only to insects, they will not harm your pet. We recommend topical flea preventatives to our clients because they are so simple to apply and because they kill fleas before they have a chance to bite your pet. We prefer Bio Spot as the most effective at the lowest cost, but other alternatives do a very good job as well. Our Flea Product Comparison chart provides a good overview of what each product protects against, ingredients, and more. Here is a sampling of the flea prevention products available to today's pet owner: Bio Spot for Dogs combines the Insect Growth Regulator (IGR) Nylar with the insecticide permethrin to eliminate all forms of the flea life cycle.

56. Frequently Asked Questions About Fleas the fleas from developing into more mature forms. When the levels of juvenile growthhormone decrease, the larva, the wormlike offspring of an insect form http://www.drsfostersmith.com/Articles/flea_faq.cfm

Search: Ordering From Your Catalog or Magazine? Enter Item # Helpful Links: Contact Us Help FREE Catalogs Gift Certificates ... Visit our PetEducation site You are here: Home Frequently Asked Questions About Fleas Q. What are fleas? Q. Does my pet have to scratch before I know he has fleas? Q. How do I determine if my pet has fleas? Q. Are fleas dangerous to pets or humans? Q. What is Flea Allergy Dermatitis (FAD)? Q. What is the best treatment for pets with FAD? Q. Why do fleas keep coming back year after year? Q. How do I treat my pet for fleas? Q. Can I use dog flea products on cats? Q. Do I need to treat my pet for fleas year-round? Q. Can't I just wait to see if my pet gets fleas and then take care of the problem? Q. What is the difference between IGRs (Insect Growth Regulators) and IDIs (Insect Development Inhibitors)? Q. What is the life cycle of a flea? Q. What are fleas? A. Fleas are parasitic six-legged insects that feed on the blood of their hosts. Their bodies are made for jumping and their compressed shape means that it's also easy for them to run through the hair of your pet. Although there are many different species of fleas, the most common one is Ctenocephalides felis , a cat flea that actually prefers dogs.

57. Fleas An alternative would be to use PRECOR 2000, an aerosol with a residual insecticideto kill the adult fleas and an insect growth regulator. EXTERIOR CONTROL http://www.doyourownpestcontrol.com/fleas.htm

Search DIYPC Information Vault Do-It-Yourself Pest Control Online Tips How To Find Us PRODUCT CATALOG QUESTIONS/ANSWERS-FAQ'S Click Image To Go Directly To The DIYPC Store for Flea Control Products FLEAS AND FLEA CONTROL FleasInside the Home FleasOutside the Home FleasOn the Pet Odor Destroyer for Urine and Feces Fleas are parasites, feeding directly on humans or other warm blooded animals. Usually you or your pet serve as these hosts. A flea can jump 7 to 8 inches vertically and 14 to 16 inches horizontally. A skin reaction to a flea bite appears as a slightly raised and red itchy spot. Sometimes these sores bleed. Fleas usually require warm and humid conditions to develop. Due to the flea cycle and weather conditions, many people don't realize they have a flea problem until they return home from vacation or after a move to new premises and are confronted by hungry fleas. There are several types of fleas, but the most common is the cat flea, even on dogs. Fleas are attracted to body heat, movement, and exhaled carbon dioxide.

58. Fleas, Flea Spray, Flea Shampoo, Flea Control, Flea Collars inside. The best, safest and cheapest way to prevent fleas outside isto use Flea Fix. Flea Fix is an IGR (insect growth regulator). http://www.e-bug.net/pests/fleas.shtml

Quick Links Roaches Fleas Ants Carpenter Bees ... Pest Control Forum Search Pests Search Product Catalog Flea Control Prevention is the key to flea control both inside and outside. On the inside it is very inexpensive and safe to use an insect growth regulator that prevents flea eggs and larvae from becoming adults. The best IGR (insect growth regulator) on the market is Flea Fix . One ounce of Flea Fix makes one gallon, is safe to spray on all carpets and furniture and lasts up to 6 months. Because it is an insect hormone, it has no effect on other animals such as mammals, reptiles or birds. Two sprayings a year with Flea Fix will prevent a flea infestation from ever starting inside your house. If you already have an infestation of fleas, then you must use an adulticide to kill adult fleas in the house, in the yard and on the pet. Precor 2000 is a hand held fogger that contains both an adult flea killer and an IGR. Precor 2000 is an excellent product to eliminate the fleas from a house. It is very safe and easy to use. One can will cover about 1,500 sq. ft. If you want to use a concentrate then we recommend Suspend . This a very safe and effective synthetic pyrethroid that is labeled for complete coverage of the carpet. Inside Flea Control A thorough cleaning of the house is your first order of business. This is a very important measure and should not be taken lightly. Start by taking all pet bedding and washing it in hot water or destroying it. Next, vacuum all carpeting and mop all wood or tile floors. It is particularly important to clean well in areas where pets sleep or rest, under furniture, in cracks and crevices and along walls. Don't forget closets too. And remember, you can't always see fleas - particularly eggs and larvae - so be thorough.

59. Insect Vectors insect VECTORS OF HUMAN PATHOGENS Siphonaptera fleas Pulicidae,Rat fleas, especially Xenopsylla cheopis (the Oriental rat flea http://www.cals.ncsu.edu:8050/course/ent425/text18/humanvectors.html

INSECT VECTORS OF HUMAN PATHOGENS Hemiptera Phthiraptera Diptera Siphonaptera Hemiptera True Bugs Reduviidae Assassin bugs (or kissing bugs) in the genera Triatoma and Rhodnius transmit a protozoan pathogen ( Trypanosoma cruzi ) that causes Chagas disease in South and Central America. LINKS Assassin Bug National Center for Infectious Diseases -Chagas Disease Ohio State University - Trypanosoma cruzi ... Insects, Disease, and History - Chagas' Disease Phthiraptera Lice Pediculidae Human lice ( Pediculus humanus and P. capitus ) spread Borellia recurrentis , a spirochaete pathogen that causes epidemic relapsing fever epidemic typhus Rickettsia prowazeki ) and trench fever R. quintana LINKS National Center for Infectious Diseases - Typhus Fever Ohio State University - Pediculus humanus and ... Third World Traveler - Typhus Fever Diptera Flies Simuliidae Black flies spread Onchocerca volvulus Onchoceriasis , the disease caused by infestion of these worms, may cause blindness in peoples of Africa, Mexico, and Central and South America. LINKS National Center for Infectious Diseases - Onchocerciasis (River Blindness) Robert Hutchinson's Veterinary Entomology Web Site - SIMULIIDAE (Black flies) 24DrTravel - Onchocerciasis (River Blindness) University of Florida - Black Flies ... Iowa State University - Black Flies Psychodidae Sand flies in the genus Phlebotomus are vectors of a bacterium ( Bartonella bacilliformis ) that causes Carrion's disease sand fly fever (pappataci fever) as well as protozoan pathogens ( Leishmania spp.) that cause

60. Student Health Centre reaction in any of the insect conditions described above. Use calamine lotion orhydrocortisone cream from the pharmacy on single bites (not for fleas or lice http://www.unishealth.nhs.uk/Com_Med_Probs/Insects.htm

Student Health Home Guildowns Group Practice Insect bites and stings Acne Anxiety and panic attacks Asthma Backache ... Tiredness and sleep The insects most likely to bother humans are those that bite or sting occasionally (such as mosquitos, wasps and bees) and those that tend to persist on or around humans (such as fleas and lice). Mosquito and similar bites usually require not treatment but if bothersome, calamine lotion, mild hydrocortisone cream and antihistamine creams and tablets can be bought from the chemist. Insect bites rarely get infected but can become seriously inflamed. So long as the inflammation is local (not spreading towards the body) then antihistamine tablets are the best treatment. Wasp and bee stings Wasps and bees can be much more troublesome because of their potential to cause serious allergic response in a small number of unfortunate people. In general these stings still set up a local allergic response, and the treatment is similiar to that for mosquitos. Pain rather than irritation is more usual. Wasp stings are more common than bee stings. Wasps get aggressive at the end of summer and seek sugar from human sources when natural sources dry up. Flailing arms tends to encourage them to sting, so it is best to sit calmly or move away slowly. Wasps can sting multiple times and the venom is alkaline. Putting a cold pad soaked in lemon juice or vinegar over the sting is very soothing. Antihistamines and creams as for mosquitos can then be used.

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