1. AV Script: Threatened And Endangered Bats Mini-Slide Set threatened and endangered bats List of Images Audiovisual Program photos copyrightMerlin D. Tuttle Produced by Bat Conservation International Inc. http://www.batcon.org/avscripts/script4.html

AV Script: Rare and Endangered Bats Mini-Slide Set Threatened and Endangered Bats List of Images Audiovisual Program Produced by: Bat Conservation International Inc. P.O. Box 162603 Austin, Texas 78716 Updated 4/24/01 IMAGES REFERENCE INFORMATION 1. Spotted bat ( Euderma maculatum ) roosting in rock crevice (#1 of 10) The spotted bat ( Euderma maculatum ) is one of America's most striking mammals. Initially thought to be extremely rare, the spotted bat is now known to occupy a rather large range throughout western North America from southern British Columbia to northern Mexico. Spotted bats appear to feed almost exclusively on moths, using high-pitched echolocation calls that are audible to humans. This species’ population status is uncertain and more information is needed about its habits and life history. 2. Lesser long-nosed bat ( Leptonycteris curasoae ) in flight to saguaro flower (#2 of 10) The lesser long-nosed bat ( Leptonycteris curasoae ) is one of three North American species that feed exclusively on the fruit and nectar of night-blooming cacti including saguaro and organ pipe, as well as many species of agave. Bats are important to the reproductive biology of these plants. For example, in the absence of bats, the seed set of the agave falls to one three-thousandth of normal. Lesser long-nosed bats are found in southern Arizona, southwestern New Mexico and throughout Mexico and Baja California. In 1988, these bats were listed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service as endangered. Roost disturbance and possible effects of habitat loss such as the over-harvesting of agaves in Mexico represent their primary threats.

2. Index Of Texas Endangered Mammals endangered and threatened Animals endangered (E) or threatened (T). bats. State Status http://www.tpwd.state.tx.us/nature/endang/animals/animalia.htm

Texas Threatened and Endangered Mammals If you have questions, you may contact 512/912-7011 for additional information.. Endangered (E) or Threatened (T) Bats State Status Federal Status (Listed) Greater Long-nosed Bat Leptonycteris nivalis E E Southern Yellow Bat Lasiurus ega T Spotted Bat Euderma maculatum T Rafinesque's Big-eared Bat Corynorhinus rafinesquii T Rodents State Status Federal Status (Listed) Texas Kangaroo Rat Dipodomys elator T Coues' Rice Rat Oryzomys couesi T Palo Duro Mouse Peromyscus truei comanche T Marine Mammals State Status Federal Status (Listed) Gervais' Beaked Whale Mesoplodon europaeus T Goose-beaked Whale Ziphius cavirostris T Pygmy Sperm Whale Kogia breviceps T Dwarf Sperm Whale Kogia simus T Sperm Whal e Physeter macrocephalus E E Atlantic Spotted Dolphin Stenella frontalis T Rough-toothed Dolphin Steno bredanensis T Killer Whale Orcinus orca T False Killer Whale Pseudorca crassidens T Short-finned Pilot Whale Globicephala macrorhynchus T Pygmy Killer Whale Feresa attenuata T Finback Whale Balaenoptera physalus E E Blue Whale Balaenoptera musculus E E Black Right Whale Eubalaena glacialis E E West Indian Manatee Trichechus manatus

3. Division Of Endangered Species, Bats Nectar eating bats, including the federallylisted endangered lesser long-nosed (Leptonycteris curasoae may be proposed for listing as endangered or threatened in the future. http://endangered.fws.gov/bats/bats.htm

More information on bats: Introduction Common Myths and Misconceptions Bat Biology Hibernation and Migration ... Bat Links To view these files, you will need to download and install the Adobe Acrobat Reader 4.0, free from Adobe, Inc. Feedback Privacy and information Introduction to Bats Indiana Bat ( Myotis sodalis USFWS photo Bats may be the most misunderstood animals in the United States, although as consumers of enormous numbers of insects, they rank among the most beneficial. Almost all United States bats, and 70 percent of the bat species worldwide, feed almost exclusively on insects and are thus extremely beneficial. In fact, bats are the only major predators of night-flying insects. One bat can eat between 600 and 1,000 mosquitoes and other insect pests in just one hour (Organization for Bat Conservation) While most United States bat species are insectivorous, bats in other parts of the world feed on a variety of items in addition to insects. Many species feed primarily on fruit, while several types feed on nectar and pollen. Fruit bats perform an extremely important function as seed dispersers. Nectar eating bats, including the federally-listed endangered

4. ND Endangered And Threatened Species Federally Listed endangered, threatened, and Candidate Species 1995. In thewarm months, these bats roosts in caves, mineshafts, rocky outcrops, and http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/distr/others/nddanger/species/plectown.htm

North Dakota's Federally Listed Endangered, Threatened, and Candidate Species 1995 Pale Townsend's Big-eared Bat ( Plecotus townsendii pallescens Note: If you have a photo of this species that you feel would be appropriate for this resource, please contact us at npscweb@usgs.gov . All photos will be properly credited and will remain the property of the photographer. Status: Former Candidate (Note: As of February 28, 1996, this species is no longer listed as a Candidate species. However, it remains a species of management concern.) Historical Status: The pale townsend's big-eared bat historical range is believed to be similar to its present range, however, throughout its range its abundance and distribution is suspected to be in decline. Present Status: The pale townsend's big-eared bat is widespread but rare in the Great Plains and northern Rocky Mountains. In the Snake River Plain in Idaho, the abundance and distribution of this bat was documented to have declined substantially in the 1980's. In Montana, extensive surveys have found only 4 maternal colonies and less than 12 hibenacula (place of hibernation). Habitat: The pale townsend's big-eared bat is a cave dwelling species and occurs in a variety of habitats, typically shrub-steppe or forest edge. In the warm months, these bats roosts in caves, mineshafts, rocky outcrops, and occasionally in buildings. This bat seldom leaves these roosts until afler dark and thus rarely is observed in flight. They hang from an open ceiling and frequently hang by one foot. During the winter months they hibernate in caves or mines, singly or in small groups. Even in cold weather these bats often move between caves. During hibernation, the bats ears are folded on the back like a ram's horns but if the bats are disturbed, the ears unfold and move in circles like antennae. In spring, female bats will form nursery colonies up to 1000 individuals. Males and barren females generally are solitary in the warm months.

5. 1995. Are American Bats Losing Ground? . BATS. Vol 13, No 1:3. One of the biggest problems for bats and other less glamorous species under theESA is that, even if declared endangered or threatened, animals with more http://www.batcon.org/batsmag/v13n1-1.html

TITLE-[ Are American Bats Losing Ground? ] AUTHOR-[ ] SUBTITLE-[ ] VOLUME-[ 13 ] NUMBER-[ 1 ] ISSUE-[ SPRING ] YEAR-[ 1995 ] START PAGE[ 3 ] END PAGE-[ 3 ] AREA-[ ARTICLE ] Are American Bats Losing Ground? EIGHT MORE North American bats have been added to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service list of species being considered as candidates for endangered or threatened status. This brings the total to an alarming 56 percent of our bat species that are endangered or are under consideration for listing. There are 43 bat species in the United States and Canada. Bats now have the highest percentage of endangered or candidate species among all land mammals in the United States and Canada. The new listings were included in the Federal Register published in November 1994. Although inclusion on the list is not a formal proposal for endangered or threatened status, it is the first step toward gaining official protection under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). All of the additional bats on the new list are Category 2 status, which means that while there is enough information to indicate that a proposal may be appropriate, conclusive data on biological vulnerability and threat are not currently available. The additional North American bats on the list are Idionycteris phyllotis (Allen's lappet-browed bat)

6. EPA: Federal Register: Endangered And Threatened Wildlife And Plants; Notice Of Fruit bats found on Aguijan, Tinian, and Saipan are currently Service published arule proposing reclassification from endangered to threatened status for http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-SPECIES/1998/May/Day-29/e14233.htm

Federal Register Environmental Documents Recent Additions Contact Us Print Version Search: EPA Home Federal Register FR Years FR Months ... and Regulations Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Notice of Public Hearings and Reopening of Comment Period on Proposed Reclassification From Endangered to Threatened Status for the Mariana Fruit Bat From Guam, and Proposed Threatened Status for the Mariana Fruit Bat From the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands EPA Home Privacy and Security Notice Contact Us

7. EPA: Federal Register: Endangered And Threatened Species Permit Applications Fish and Wildlife Service endangered and threatened Species Permit section 10(a) ofthe endangered Species Act sites Ozark bigeared bats (Plecotus townsendii http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-SPECIES/1997/June/Day-25/e16606.htm

Federal Register Environmental Documents Recent Additions Contact Us Print Version Search: EPA Home Federal Register FR Years FR Months ... and Regulations Endangered and Threatened Species Permit Applications EPA Home Privacy and Security Notice Contact Us

8. Id-103 KENTUCKY'S ENDANGERED & THREATENED SPECIES endangered and threatened species in Kentucky most likely to be affected by pesticide use include bats, mussels, Mammoth http://www.ca.uky.edu/agc/PUBS/id/id103/id103.htm

ID-103 ISSUED: 11-90 REVISED: Prepared by Monte P. Johnson 1 and Thomas Barnes 2 1 Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky 2 Forestry Department, University of Kentucky Introduction This publication is designed to help landowners, land managers, planners and developers understand the Federal Endangered Species Act so they can plan, design and implement farming, land development or other practices in harmony with the environment. Animals or plants are classified as endangered if they face extinction throughout all or a large part of their range. Plants or animals are classified as threatened if they are likely to become endangered in the foreseeable future. Only a few animals and plants in Kentucky are endangered. Several animals, like the white-tailed deer, are more abundant today than at any other time during history. Animals and plants can be abundant, common, rare, threatened or endangered in different parts of their ranges. For example, the American alligator has been classified as endangered or threatened in some areas, whereas in other areas it is abundant and may be legally harvested under the supervision of the state wildlife agency. The number and types of animals and plants listed as threatened or endangered changes constantly because new species are added or others are deleted. Unfortunately, species are usually removed from the list because they have become extinct. The list provided in this publication is subject to change. The most current information on endangered and threatened species in your area may be obtained by contacting the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources, the Kentucky State Nature Preserves Commission or the Cooperative Extension Service.

9. Division Of Endangered Species, Recovery And Delisting list of endangered and threatened wildlife (50 CFR 17.11), and to cooperate in activitiesnecessary to maintain or increase the productivity of bats and their http://endangered.fws.gov/partners/mou/BCImou.html

Threatened bunched cory cactus, FWS photo Search Wildlife and Plants Federal Register What We Do ... Branch of Recovery and Delisting Home Recovery and Delisting ...To provide National leadership, guidance, and policy to the Service, its partners and cooperators for the recovery and ultimate delisting of our Nation's endangered and threatened species and the conservation of ecosystems on which they depend. MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING between BAT CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL and the U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE I. Authority This Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) between the U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, hereinafter referred to as FWS, and Bat Conservation International, hereinafter referred to as BCI, is hereby entered into under the authority of the Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act (16 U.S.C. 661), the Fish and Wildlife Act of 1956 (16 U.S.C. 742 f(a)(4)), and the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.). Together, BCI and the FWS will be referred to as the Cooperators. II. Purpose

10. (2/13/2001) Endangered Bats, Birds Threatened As 1.3 Million Trees Get Cut Down endangered bats, Birds threatened as 1.3 Million Trees Get Cut Down for Huge Dam, Reservoir Project in Portugal. http://www.eces.org/articles/static/98204400038668.shtml

Search: Healing ourselves and a dying planet New!! ECES Weblog ECES Home Forums Gallery ... Site Map Earth Crash Earth Crash Home Ecosystems Extinction Global Warming ... 'Old' Article Archive Photo Gallery Gallery Home Air Food Forests ... Wonder Other Sites @ ECES David Stock: Prisoners of Our Own Device Landscape photographs from the battle zone between nature and 'civilization.' Young people respond to Earth's crisis... Vigil for Earth ...in search of new planetary rituals Earth Crash Documenting the Collapse of a Dying Planet Endangered Bats, Birds Threatened as 1.3 Million Trees Get Cut Down for Huge Dam, Reservoir Project in Portugal. Workers will start felling more than one million trees this month to clear land for a huge new reservoir, billed as Europe's largest manmade lake and vehemently opposed by environmentalists. Clearing the land of the 1.3 million trees is expected to take a year, EDIA, the public-funded company overseeing the project, says. The reservoir will cover 25,000 hectares and extend 80km in the rural Alentejo region of southeastern Portugal. A 96m high dam across the Guadiana river is due to be completed by next year, after which the reservoir will begin filling up. Experts will remove colonies of rare bats to other locations but the habitats of some protected species of birds are expected to be destroyed. The artificial lake also will cover several archaeological sites dating back to the Neolithic period, after some artifacts are moved to a local museum.

11. Gray Bat gray bat was added to the US List of endangered and threatened Wildlife and privateconservation agencies are all working to preserve gray bats and their http://midwest.fws.gov/endangered/mammals/grbat_fc.html

Gray Bat The gray bat is an endangered species. Endangered Species are animals and plants that are in danger of becoming extinct. Threatened species are animals and plants that are likely to become endangered in the foreseeable future. Identifying, protecting, and restoring, endangered and threatened species is the primary objective of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's endangered species program. What is the Gray Bat? Scientific Name Myotis grisescens Appearance - Gray bats are distinguished from other bats by the unicolored fur on their back. In addition, following their molt in July or August, gray bats have dark gray fur which often bleaches to a chestnut brown or russet. They weigh 7-16 grams. The bat's wing membrane connects to its ankle instead of at the toe, where it is connected in other species of Myotis Habitat - With rare exceptions, gray bats live in caves year-round. During the winter gray bats hibernate in deep, vertical caves. In the summer, they roost in caves which are scattered along rivers. These caves are in limestone karst areas of the southeastern United States. They do not use houses or barns. Reproduction - Females give birth to a single young in late May or early June.

12. Potential Effects Of Global Change On Bats Article on bats by Michael A. Bogan, a Research Biologist of USGC, and Professor at University of Category Recreation Outdoors Wildlife bats...... 1996. endangered and threatened species, plant and animal taxa; proposed rule.Federal Register, 6175957613. 1984. bats, a natural history. http://geochange.er.usgs.gov/sw/impacts/biology/bats/

Potential Effects of Global Change on Bats Michael A. Bogan Wildlife Research Biologist, Biological Resources Division, USGS and Research Professor of Biology, University of New Mexico Figure 1. Mexican big-eared bat Idionycteris phyllotis . Largely a forest dweller inhabiting caves in pine-oak forests. (Photograph by Dr. J. Scott Altenbach. Department of Biology, University of New Mexico) Other species of bats, especially in temperate zones, are insectivorous and collectively consume large quantities of insects. Just as pollinating activities of bats are important to plant ecology, the insectivorous food habits of bats play an important role in maintaining a balance among insect populations. Although studies of bats have demonstrated some flexibility in food habits over time, most species appear to be specialized to pursue and capture selected kinds or categories of insects. Furthermore, bats are dependent upon a reliable and consistent "supply" of prey, even though specific insect populations grow and disappear over the course of a summer season. Changes in worldwide insect population occurrence or distribution can be expected to affect numbers and species diversity of bats. Figure 2.

13. Region 9 - Threatened, Endangered And Sensitive Species These bats have only 1 pup each year. What is the diet of the Indiana Bat? Howdoes a species become listed as endangered or threatened? http://www.fs.fed.us/r9/wildlife/tes/indianabat.htm

Indiana Bat TES Wildlife Fish Botany ... Population Viabilty Assessment R9 Species Lists Animals Plants RFSS - Sensitive Species Animals Plants Risk Evaluation Form R3 Endangered Species ... TE Species Fact Sheets R9 RFSS Species Info Canada Lynx Indiana Bat Northern Goshawk Cerulean Warbler ... American Ginseng Frequently Asked Questions Why is it called Indiana Bat? The first specimen was discovered and described in Indiana in 1928. What is the status of the Indiana Bat? These bats have decreased from approximately 808,000 in the 1950s to 350,000 (1997 survey). Not much is known about the bats ecology although scientific data is currently being gathered. What are the Characteristics of the Indiana Bat? Length: 7.62-8.89 cm (3-3.5 in.) Approximate size of a small mouse. Weight: ranges from 4.5 - 9.5 grams (.16 - .34 oz.) Weight of an average door key.

14. Endangered Species - WFW - Watershed, Fish, Wildlife, Air & Rare Plants - USDA F TES threatened, endangered Sensitive Species Program Leader Marc Bosch RegionalProgram bats Masters of the Night Sky Biodiversity Projects Related Topic http://www.fs.fed.us/biology/tes/

About Us Contact FS FAQ'S Newsroom ... Contact WFW Wildlife EU Botanical EU National Riparian Service Team Stream Systems Technology Center TES Home Regional Program Leaders TES: Threatened, Endangered Program Leader: Marc Bosch Regional Program Leaders Program Initiatives FS Carnivore Conservation Every Species Counts! Bats: Masters of the Night Sky Biodiversity Projects Related Topic Areas: Wildlife Fish Rare Plants Related Links: Endangered Species Program Section 7 Consultation Handbook NOAA Fisheries Endangered Species Downloadable Documents: Endangered Species Act ESA Basics MOA Executive Summary MOA Transmittal Letter ... MOA Final The National Threatened, Endangered and Sensitive Species (TES) Program, lead by Marc Bosch, assists field biologists in attaining the Chief's priorities and managing TES resources from a healthy ecosystem perspective. Program 'Initiatives' include "Every Species Counts!" and "Bats: Masters of the Night Sky". 'Initiatives' are special topics to which we give added emphasis through projects, events, literature and funding. The intent of our varied Initiatives is to help us and our partners move forward to accomplish specific management goals for certain key issues. The TES program covers terrestrial vertebrate and invertebrate species. It does not include botanical or aquatic species. These species are overseen by the "Botany & Rare Plants" and "Fisheries" programs, respectively. Throughout the agency some creatures, such as amphibians, vary on where the management responsibilities lie, depending on the Region, Forest or District staffing and talents.

15. Molecular Systematics And Conservation Genetics - ROM Thus far, the target species have included endangered Chinese giant salamandersand threatened Asian Bullfrogs and Biogeography of bats of Madagascar. http://www.rom.on.ca/biodiversity/cbcb/cbmolecu.html

Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Biology Molecular Systematics and Conservation Genetics MOLECULAR SYSTEMATICS AND CONSERVATION GENETICS Individual Research Programs in Molecular Systematics Conservation genetics of endangered and threatened species. Molecular data are being used to identify patterns of genetic diversity among endangered and threatened species. Thus far, the target species have included endangered Chinese giant salamanders and threatened Asian Bullfrogs and North American desert tortoises and this research is important for both North Amereican and Asian interests. The applications of the analyses include reintroductions, captive propagation, and setting aside wildlife protection areas. Phylogenetic relationships of rattlesnakes. Very little is known about the genealogical relationships of more than 30 species of rattlesnakes. Centre researchers are using DNA sequence data to unravel the evolutionary relationships of the species, and analyses will allow us to understand the evolution, ecology, and behaviour of rattlesnakes, their geographic distribution and other life attributes. These analyses may also allow for the more effective treatment of venomous snake bites. Biogeography of Bats of Madagascar.

16. Endangered At Threatened Mammal Species At Raystown Lake Pennsylvania status of this mammal is threatened. endangered species and is alsolisted as endangered by the be reviewed for impacts to Indiana bats prior to http://raystown.nab.usace.army.mil/LandManagement/mammals.htm

17. Critters | Threatened & Endangered Species Intensive efforts to protect Ozark bigeared bats in Oklahoma led Pull Down for Information. http://www.agfc.com/critters/endangered_species.html

Navigate: Pull Down for Bookmarks Alligator, American Bat, Gray Bat, Indiana Bat, Ozark Big-Eared Beetle, American Burying Cavefish, Ozark Crayfish, Cave Darter,Leopard Eagle, Bald Falcon, American Peregrine Fatmucket, Arkansas Pearlymussel, Curtis Pearlymussel, Pink Mucket Pocketbook, Fat Pocketbook, Ouachita Rock Pocketbook, Speckled Shagreen, Magazine Mountain Sturgeon, Pallid Tern, Least Woodpecker, Red-Cockaded Alligator , American Click Photo for Big Version Species: Alligator mississippiensis Federal Listing: Threatened only by similarity of appearance. Status: Recovered Considering their malevolent image, it's surprising alligators have survived in such good shape as long as they have. Other large North American predators the grizzly bear, wolves, panthers were nearly hunted out by fearful settlers. Alligators were quickly eradicated at the fringes of their range, but in their Deep South heartland, they hung on by the millions until after World War I. Alligators weren't threatened until the fashion industry decided their skins were chic. By the 1920s, 200,000 Florida alligators annually became boots, shoes, wallets, purses, luggage, curios, belts, even clocks. Alligator hides commanded top dollar, and suddenly, Southern marshes were crawling with

18. PI-Endangered Species Index Fact Sheet for Critical Habitat for Six Species of Mariana Island Birds and bats.Gone but not Forgotten. threatened and endangered Species System. Top of Page. http://pacificislands.fws.gov/wesa/endspindex.html

To view PDF files. Endangered and Threatened Species Hawaiian Species Pacific Species Critical Habitat Updates The Endangered Species Program conserves endangered and threatened species and the ecosystems upon which they depend. Conserving endangered and threatened species is necessary to preserve our natural heritage for future generations and to maintain our quality of life. Conserving ecosystems benefits all users of ecosystem resources and is essential to maintaining our nation's long term economic prosperity. A species can be listed under one of two categories, endangered or threatened, depending on its status and the degree of threat it faces. Endangered Species are plants and animals that are in immediate danger of becoming extinct and need protection to survive. Threatened Species are those that are declining in numbers and might become endangered if conservation efforts are not immediately taken. As you browse through the endangered species section, you will learn that island ecosystems are very fragile and that island species depend on one another for survival. It will also become apparent that the major causes for the decline of some species are due to urban development, which takes over the limited habitat of native plants and animals, and the introduction of alien species, which compete for food and habitat and sometimes become predators of native species.

19. Fort Bliss Site A Refuge For Endangered Bats She said about 40 percent of the country's bats are either candidates forendangerment or are already on endangered or threatened species lists. http://aec.army.mil/usaec/publicaffairs/update/sum96/bats.htm

Summer 1996 Fort Bliss Site a Refuge for Endangered Bats Based on a Fort Bliss Public Affairs Office press release Photo by PFC. Edward Benoit, Fort Bliss PAO Fort Bliss has taken significant steps to protect endangered pallid bats including the one pictured above that live on the installation. An unused storage building at Fort Bliss, Texas, has become home to the nation's largest colony of pallid bats. The bats, so named because of their blond fur, use the site on McGregor Range as a maternity roost. The Army conducts more than 4,000 training missions and maneuvers a year at Fort Bliss, which works hard to preserve its environment. Dr. Donna J. Howell, an ecologist with the Fort Bliss Directorate of the Environment, said the storage building at the range is probably the most protected bat colony in America, with guards limiting public access. The installation has taken the building off military usage and made it a preserve strictly for the bats. The McGregor site is significant because of its rarity. Maternity roosts must meet specific temperature and humidity conditions and be free from human intrusion. Additionally, the area must be rich in insects to feed young bats, Dr. Howell said. Habitat destruction and pesticides are two major threats to bats, Dr. Howell said. Scientific activities such as banding bats for identification and tracking purposes can also cause concern, because the banding process can cut the skin and cause the bat to bleed to death.

20. (2/13/2001) Endangered Bats, Birds Threatened As 1.3 Million Trees Get Cut Down endangered bats, Birds threatened as 1.3 Million Trees Get Cut Down for Huge Dam,Reservoir Project in Portugal. Welcome to Earth Crash Earth Spirit, Search http://eces.org/articles/static/98204400038668.shtml

Search: Healing ourselves and a dying planet New!! ECES Weblog ECES Home Forums Gallery ... Site Map Earth Crash Earth Crash Home Ecosystems Extinction Global Warming ... 'Old' Article Archive Photo Gallery Gallery Home Air Food Forests ... Wonder Other Sites @ ECES David Stock: Prisoners of Our Own Device Landscape photographs from the battle zone between nature and 'civilization.' Young people respond to Earth's crisis... Vigil for Earth ...in search of new planetary rituals Earth Crash Documenting the Collapse of a Dying Planet Endangered Bats, Birds Threatened as 1.3 Million Trees Get Cut Down for Huge Dam, Reservoir Project in Portugal. Workers will start felling more than one million trees this month to clear land for a huge new reservoir, billed as Europe's largest manmade lake and vehemently opposed by environmentalists. Clearing the land of the 1.3 million trees is expected to take a year, EDIA, the public-funded company overseeing the project, says. The reservoir will cover 25,000 hectares and extend 80km in the rural Alentejo region of southeastern Portugal. A 96m high dam across the Guadiana river is due to be completed by next year, after which the reservoir will begin filling up. Experts will remove colonies of rare bats to other locations but the habitats of some protected species of birds are expected to be destroyed. The artificial lake also will cover several archaeological sites dating back to the Neolithic period, after some artifacts are moved to a local museum.

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