Geometry.Net - Basic_N: Nuclear Energy Fusion

Cook Energy Information Center- Nuclear Web Sites
contains an introduction to fusion. Fission Technology Information. ExUSSR nuclearTechnologies; Reactor Vendors General Electric nuclear; Atomic energy of Canada
http://www.cookinfo.com/nuclearwebs.htm

Extractions: OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (France) US Nuclear Regulatory Commission: (NRC) NRC news releases, periodic reports on the performance of nuclear power plants (SALP reports), staff listings, semiannual "Watch List" of nuclear power plants, weekly summary report of agency activities, and description and status of selected technical issues.
Plasma Physics And Nuclear Fusion Web Sites
List of web sites describing experiments worldwide to study the physics of nuclear fusion by magnetic Category Science Physics Plasma on Controlled nuclear fusion; The Numerical Tokamak Project, one of DOE fusion programme'sGrand Challenges; fusion Research at LLNL,; fusion energy Division of
http://www.ipp.mpg.de/~Wolfgang.Suttrop/ppcfsites.html

Extractions: Nuclear fusion servers (University of Karlsruhe) ALCATOR-C tokamak , U.S.A.) ASDEX Upgrade tokamak IPP Garching , Germany ) CASTOR tokamak( IPP ASCR , Czech Republic) COMPASS-D tokamak UKAEA , United Kingdom) DIII-D tokamak General Atomics Fusion Group , U.S.A.) FTU tokamak ENEA Centro Frascati , Italy ) Joint European Torus (JET) , operated under EFDA (European Fusion Development Agreement) JT-60U tokamak JAERI , Japan ) H-1 Toroidal Heliac Plasma Research Laboratory at the Autralian National University LHD stellarator NIFS , Japan ) MAST spherical tokamak UKAEA , United Kingdom) MST toroidal reversed field pinch University of Wisconsin , WI, U.S.A. ) MT-1M tokamak RMKI Department of Plasma Physics , Hungary) NSTX spherical torus ( Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory , U.S.A.)
Lab Notes: Research From The Berkeley College Of Engineering
Department of nuclear energy www.nuc.berkeley.edu Inertial fusion energy A Tutorialon the Technology and Economics www.nuc.berkeley.edu/thyd/icf/IFE.html
http://www.coe.berkeley.edu/labnotes/0701nextwave.html

Extractions: Click for larger image.) The long-term future of safe, reliable, and ample nuclear power may involve a transition from fission to fusion, says professor Per Peterson, chair of the College of Engineering's Nuclear Engineering department. Historically, nuclear fusion - smashing two hydrogen isotopes together to release energy - has been something of a holy grail in power generation. Its promise is an effectively limitless fuel supply with orders of magnitude less inventory of radioactive material, drastically reducing the risk of a nuclear accident. As stated in President Bush's recent National Energy Policy report, "Fusion - the energy source of the sun - has the long-range potential to serve as an abundant and clean source of energy." Harnessing the same energy that powers the sun is not without its scientific hurdles though. But at one of only two nuclear engineering departments in the west, Peterson and his team are off with a running start with an approach called "inertial fusion," compressing fuel to extraordinarily high densities and igniting it.
Atomicarchive.comExplore The History, Science, And Consequences
nuclear fusion. nuclear Fission. nuclear energy can also be releasedby fusion of two light elements (elements with low atomic numbers).
http://www.atomicarchive.com/Fusion/Fusion1.shtml

Extractions: Search: Nuclear Fission Nuclear Fusion Effects of Nuclear Weapons Example Scenario Nuclear Fission Nuclear energy can also be released by fusion of two light elements (elements with low atomic numbers). The power that fuels the sun and the stars is nuclear fusion. In a hydrogen bomb, two isotopes of hydrogen, deuterium and tritium are fused to form a nucleus of helium and a neutron. This fusion releases 17.6 MeV of energy. Unlike nuclear fission, there is no limit on the amount of the fusion that can occur. Related Media: View the QuickTime movie (size: 286K) Related Sections: Glossary Nuclear Fission
CNN.com - Bush To Fund Fusion Energy Machine - Jan. 30, 2003
At present, nuclear reactors use fission to produce can fuse to make helium, subatomicparticles and energy. fusion reactions have been produced in the lab
http://www.cnn.com/2003/TECH/science/01/30/fusion.science/

Extractions: The Web CNN.com Home Page World U.S. Weather ... Special Reports SERVICES Video Newswatch E-Mail Services CNN To Go SEARCH Web CNN.com Story Tools RELATED Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory FISSION AND FUSION At present, nuclear reactors use fission to produce electricity. They generally split uranium atoms into subatomic parts, some of which hit the nuclei of other uranium atoms, which then split and release more subatomic parts. The process leads to a chain reaction that splits more and more atoms, which generates heat. That heat then is harnessed to make electricity. Fusion is the opposite. It fuses rather than splits atomic nuclei. Fusion reactors would use unique types of hydrogen called deuterium and tritium, which can fuse to make helium, subatomic particles and energy. Fusion reactions have been produced in the lab, but large-scale fusion power has yet to be proven economically or technologically feasible. Humans, however, already rely on a giant natural fusion reactor for survival: the sun. PRINCETON, New Jersey (CNN)
Ask Jeeves: Search Results For "Nuclear Fusion Energy"
Popular Web Sites for nuclear fusion energy . Search Results 1 10 Rankedby Popularity, Next . Ask Jeeves a question about nuclear fusion energy
http://webster.directhit.com/webster/search.aspx?qry=Nuclear Fusion Energy
Nuclear Energy
nuclear energy from fission and fusion. nuclear power is generated eitherthrough fusion or through fission. Fission is the splitting
http://www.pa.msu.edu/courses/1997spring/PHY232/lectures/nuclear/bombs.html

Extractions: Nuclear energy from fission and fusion Nuclear power is generated either through fusion or through fission. Fission is the splitting of a heavy nucleus into light nuclei which are more energetically favorable. Since Iron-56 is the most energetically favorable nucleus, both the fission of heavy nuclei and the fusion of light nuclei can release energy. Fission is the process used in the first nuclear weapons and in power plants. Fusion is the source of the sun's energy and is the source of energy in hydrogen bombs. Fusion is an inherently cleaner source of energy, but igniting it in a controlled way has proved problematic. (hydrogen bombs are set off by fission devices). Fission is set off by bringing together a critical mass of an element such as Uranium-235. If a sufficient amount of Uranium is brought together an emitted neutron will most likely be captured, changing the Uranium to U-236, rather than escaping from the surface. Since U-236 decays and produces 2 neutrons, the number of neutrons grows exponentially, and practically all the U-235 nuclei decay in short order. This is called a chain reaction . In a power plant the chain reaction is modified with neutron absorbing rods. Examples Nuclear physics' index
Nuclear Energy
nuclear energy can also be harnessed by fusion. A fusion reaction occurswhen two hydrogen atoms combine to produce one helium atom.
http://edugreen.teri.res.in/explore/n_renew/nuclear.htm

Extractions: Explor e Play and learn Network Surf Go back N uclear Energy explains this. The equation says: E [energy] equals m [mass] times c [c stands for the speed or velocity of light]. This means that it is mass multiplied by the square of the velocity of light. Scientists used Einstein's equation as the key to unlock atomic energy and to create atomic bombs. An atom's nucleus can be split apart. This is known as fission. When this is done, a tremendous amount of energy in the form of both heat and light is released by the initiation of a chain reaction. This energy, when slowly released, can be harnessed to generate electricity. When it is released all at once, it results in a tremendous explosion as in an atomic bomb. Nuclear energy can also be harnessed by fusion. A fusion reaction occurs when two hydrogen atoms combine to produce one helium atom. This reaction takes place at all times in the sun, which provides us with the solar energy. This technology is still at the experimental stage and may become viable in future. Uranium is the main element required to run a nuclear reactor where energy is extracted. Uranium is mined from many places around the world. It is processed (to get enriched uranium, i.e. the radioactive isotope) into tiny pellets. These pellets are loaded into long rods that are put into the power plant's reactor. Inside the reactor of an atomic power plant, uranium atoms are split apart in controlled chain reaction. Other fissile material includes plutonium and thorium.
ROLE OF NUCLEAR ENERGY IN WAR AND TERRORISM
A hydrogen bomb or thermonuclear bomb is a nuclear weapon that obtains mostof its energy from the fusion of hydrogen nuclei into helium nuclei.
http://www.webspawner.com/users/lilboy10/

Extractions: 1) Nuclear reactions happen when the MIDDLE parts of atoms rearrange themselves into new MIDDLES that are more tightly bound together than the original ones were. (The middle of an atom is called the nucleus, which is where the term "nuclear" comes from. The pieces that make up the nucleus are neutrons and protons.) On the other hand, as I mentioned above, in chemical reactions it is MOLECULES that get rearranged. 3) To keep a chemical fire going all you need to do is keep the temperature high enough and make sure there is enough fuel to burn. Keeping nuclear reactions going is much harder. Partly because of this, you have to have special materials (like highly "enriched" uranium or plutonium) to make an atom bomb. These special materials are not lying around anywhere they have to be made using fairly complicated processes. Even if you have the materials it is difficult to make a nuclear bomb work. In a nutshell, the problem is that once the bomb starts blowing apart (which happens really fast), the nuclear reactions shut down.
Sources And Types Of Energy
Source World energy Council. nuclear energy is produced either by splitting (fission)or combining (fusion) of atoms. nuclear energy (fusion). To be completed.
http://www.f-e-e.org/upload/ft04-10.htm

Extractions: E-Media Facts - Info - Issues Source : World Energy Council Hereafter are descriptions of sources and types of energy. Biomass Source : World Energy Council Biomass is an organic, non-fossil material of biological origin, a part of which constitutes an exploitable energy resource. Although the different forms of energy from biomass are always considered as renewable, it must be noted that their rates of renewability are different. However, as a statistical average, they may be considered as renewable yearly. Coal Source : World Energy Council Coal is a combustible, organogenic sedimentary rock, formed of converted residual plant matter and solidified below overlying strata. There are several types of raw coal (classified by reference to agreed levels of coalification) : hard/bituminous coal, brown coal (lignite), and peat. Co-generation / Combined Heat and Power / Combined cycle Source : World Energy Council A Combined Heat and Power (CHP) station / co-generation plant is a thermal power station in which all the steam generated in the boilers passes to turbo-generators for electricity generation, but designed so that steam may be extracted at points on the turbine and/or from the turbine axhaust as backpressure steam and used to supply heat for industrial processes, for district heating, etc.
CyberSpace Search!
SEARCH THE WEB. Results 1 through 5 of 5 for nuclear fusion energy.
http://www.cyberspace.com/cgi-bin/cs_search.cgi?Terms=nuclear fusion energy
Bibi's Page On Nuclear Energy
nuclear energy. There are two different types of nuclear energy 1. fusion2. Fission. 1. fusion. The fusion process powers the sun and other stars.
http://www.src.wits.ac.za/inkosi/education/bibi/Nuclear_energy.html

Extractions: To make fusion happen on the earth, atoms must be heated to very high temperatures, typically above 10 million K. In this high temperature state, the atoms are ionized, forming a plasma. This plasma must then be held together (confined) long enough that many fusion reactions occur. If fusion power plants become practical, they would provide a virtually inexhaustible energy supply because of the abundance of fuels like deuterium.
Nuclear Reactions
nuclear energy can be produced by either of two types of reactions fission, thesplitting apart of a massive atomic nucleus, or by fusion of lighter nuclei
http://casswww.ucsd.edu/public/tutorial/Nukes.html

Extractions: positron e e 9.109 x 10 5.485 x 10 lepton neutrino lepton photon photon Terrestrial Energy-Releasing Reactions Energy Source Chemical Fission Fusion Sample Reaction C + O -> CO n + U -> Ba + Kr H + H -> He + n Typical Inputs (to Power Plant) Bituminous Coal UO (3% U + 97% U Typical Reaction Temperature (K) Energy Released per kg of Fuel (erg/gm) 3.3 x 10 2.1 x 10 3.4 x 10 Efficiency (E/mc 3 x 10 How a nuclear fission reactor works. The Virtual Nuclear Tourist has a wealth of nuclear (fission) information, including sections on Chernobyl Three-Mile Island , and environmental effects Try your hand at controlling a nuclear reactor The High Energy Weapons Archive and Trinity Site are sites with historical and current information about nuclear weapons.
Wired News: Still Seeking A Fusion Solution
nuclear fusion has been a dream energy source since 1958, when its studywas first declassified and opened up for international collaboration.
http://www.wired.com/news/technology/0,1282,48000,00.html

Extractions: 02:00 AM Oct. 31, 2001 PT The sun and all the stars in the sky couldn't shine without it and this week, an international delegation of scientists gather to study ways we can tap into it too. Nuclear fusion has been a dream energy source since , when its study was first declassified and opened up for international collaboration. This week the American Physical Society holds its annual plasma physics conference in Long Beach, California the premier gathering for fusion energy science and engineering research. Burning the fuel that lights up the galaxy is no trivial task; replicating an environment like the core of the sun has to date required more energy than what the nuclear reactions generate. No one has yet simply broken even where the amount of energy spent equals the amount created. For all its difficulty, though, fusion offers the tantalizing prospect of an endless and cheap supply of fuel (lithium and sea water are the only natural resources a fusion reactor would require) and a "nuclear waste" byproduct that's so harmless it almost sounds too good to be true.
: Ecology_and_The_Environment/Nuclear_Energy
General Atomics fusion Group fusion energy explained in both technical and simplerterms. nuclear Waste Task Force Home PageSierra Club - Information on
http://www.mhhe.com/links/pages/Ecology_and_The_Environment/Nuclear_Energy/

Extractions: Fusion PowerUKAEA Fusion at Culham - Education about fusion energy, including a glossary of terms, and a discussion of the future of this energy source, from Oxfordshire, U.K. General Atomics Fusion Group - Fusion energy explained in both technical and simpler terms. Nuclear Waste Task Force Home PageSierra Club - Information on issues, facts, related organizations and more. Nuclear Waste Transportation RoutesU.S. - See the map to see if nuclear waste shipment routes are near your town. NBase Nuclear Information Service - Information on the nuclear industry and its environmental consequences, reprocessing, nuclear transports, waste production and storage, marine pollution and other related issues, from a consortium in northern Europe. The Canadian Coalition for Nuclear Responsibility - Large number of links to more information on plutonium and uranium, safety and health issues, news articles, various excerpts, graphs and photos. Check out the link "How to Make a Bomb Using Plutonium From a Power Reactor or "How Much Plutonium Does it Take to Make a Bomb." Scary! U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
Nuclear Fusion.com
to a Sustainable Future US Policy on Sustainable Development, energy and Climate Iran'snuclear programme rapidly expanding New Scientist Iran's rapidly
http://www.nuclearfusion.com/

Extractions: Nuclear Waste Solar Power Waste Disposal Power Plants Any Language Afrikaans Czech Danish Dutch English Finnish French German Hausa Hungarian Indonesian Italian Malay Norwegian Polish Portuguese Romanian Slovak Spanish Swahili Swedish Tagalog TonyLanguage Turkish headline boolean phrase all the words any of the words unsorted by source by language by word frequency by date (oldest first) by date (new first) North America Central America South America Europe ... Energy SPECIAL REPORTS: Business FM Markets Global Trading Gas.com ... Energy NUCLEAR WASTE Advisory Committee on Reactory Safeguards and Nuclear Waste Depleted Uranium Hexafluoride Environmental Impact Statement Depleted Uranium Hexafluoride PEIS Hanford Nuclear Reservation ... WasteLink - international directory of radioactive waste companies, research centers, organizations, and government agencies. Western Governors' Association Radioactive Waste Program CHERNOBYL International Conference: One Decade After Chernobyl. Chernobyl Children's Project Facts About Chernobyl Disaster NUCLEAR POWER Fact Sheet: Nuclear Power Plant Emergency Frontline: Nuclear Reaction: Why Do Americans Fear Nuclear Power? International Nuclear Fuel Cycle MOX Fuel - information about the manufacture, utilization, and transportation of mixed oxide (MOX) fuel. N-Base Nuclear Information Service - news, reports and record database on UK civil nuclear industry.
ENERGY FACTS: FUSION
The hydrogen isotopes in one gallon of water have the fusion energy equivalentof 300 gallons of gasoline. A nuclear fusion power plant would also have no
http://www.iclei.org/efacts/fusion.htm

Extractions: The dream of harvesting energy from the same reaction that powers our sun has been around since 1920, when Arthur Eddington suggested that the energy of the sun and stars was a product of the fusion of hydrogen atoms into helium. Since the 1950's, great progress has been made in nuclear fusion research. However, the only practical application of fusion technology to date has been the "hydrogen" or thermonuclear bomb. Researchers stress that nuclear fusion has an almost unlimited potential to supply electricity. The hydrogen isotopes in one gallon of water have the fusion energy equivalent of 300 gallons of gasoline. A nuclear fusion power plant would also have no greenhouse gas emissions, and would generate none of the long lived, high level radioactive waste associated with conventional nuclear fission power plants. Despite its theoretical potential, leading experts predict that the world is still at least 50 years and billions of research dollars away from having electricity generated from nuclear fusion. This is largely due to the enormous size and complexity of a reactor that would be capable of sustaining nuclear fusion. Nuclear fusion involves the binding together of hydrogen atoms, creating helium, as outlined in Figure 1. The total mass of the final products is slightly less, one percent, than the original mass, with the difference being given off as energy. If this energy can be captured, it could be used to generate electricity.
The Energy Story
The energy Story. Chapter 7 nuclear energy Fission and fusion. nuclearfusion. Another form of nuclear energy is called fusion.
http://lbs.hh.schule.de/klima/energie/energy/energy-118.html

Extractions: Chapter 7: Nuclear Energy - Fission and Fusion Another major form of energy is nuclear energy, the energy that is trapped inside each atom. One of the laws of the universe is that matter and energy can't be created nor destroyed. But they can be changed in form. Matter can be changed into energy. The famous scientist Albert Einstein created the mathematical formula that explains this. It is: E = mc This equation says: E [energy] equals [mass] times c [c stands for the speed of light. c means c times c, or the speed of light raised to the second power or c-squared.] Please note that some web browser software may not show an exponent (raising something to a power, a mathematical expression) on the Internet. Normally c-squared is shown with a smaller "2" placed above and to the right of the c. Scientists used Einstein's famous equation as the key to unlock atomic energy and also create atomic bombs. The ancient Greeks said the smallest part of nature is an atom. But they did not know 2,000 years ago about nature's even smaller parts. As we learned in chapter 2 , atoms are made up of smaller particles a nucleus of protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons which swirl around the nucleus much like the earth revolves around the sun.
Nuclear
Tokomak fusion Reactor. TMI Explained Inside Three Mile Island. My favorite InvestorOwned Utility First energy DavisBesse, a First energy nuclear Plant
http://www.nightscribe.com/Science_Technology/Nuclear/nuclear.htm
Energy And Power Web Resources
energy About Dams United States Society on Dams HydroPower Facts Walk Througha Hydroelectric Project Water Power nuclear energy, Fission, fusion ABC's of
http://www.khake.com/page49.html

Extractions: INFORMATION CENTER Energy and Power Career Guide Explore careers in Energy with the following links to job descriptions, which include information such as daily activities, skill requirements, salary and training required. To learn more about Energy, follow the related links below the career descriptions section. Home Careers Skills Schools ... About Energy and Power Career Descriptions Apprentice Stationary Engineer

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